英文论文标点符号的正确用法是什么
英文论文标点符号的正确用法是什么
句号 Period [] 用以表示一个句子的结束: Hockey is a popular sport in C The federal government is based in O 用在缩写中: BCis the province located on the West C DBethune was a Canadian who worked in C The company is located at 888 Bay Sin T It is 4:00 in Halifax right 问号 Question Mark ] 在句子的结尾使用问号表示是直接疑问句:How many provinces are there in Canada? 注意:在间接疑问句结尾不要加问号: The teacher asked the class a Do not ask me 叹号 Exclamation Mark [!] 在句子的结尾使用叹号表示惊讶、兴奋等情绪: We won the Stanley Cup! The forest is on fire! 逗号 Comma [,] 句子中的停顿:Therefore,we should write a letter to the prime 在疑问句中引出说话人:"I can come today," she said,"but not " 排列三个或以上的名词:Ontario,Quebec,and BCare the three biggest 引出定语从句:Emily Carr,who was born in 1871,was a great 单引号 Apostrophe ['] 表示所有:This is David's These are the player's (Things that belong to the player) Note:对于复数形式的名词,只加' These are the players' (Things that belong to the players) 缩写I don't know how to fix 引号Quotation Marks ["] 直接引出某人说的话: The prime minister said,"We will win the " "I can come today," she said,"but not " 冒号Colon [:] 引出一系列名词:There are three positions in hockey:goalie,defense,and 引出一个较长的引语:The prime minister said:"We will We will not give We will win the next " 分号Semicolon [;] 将两个相关的句子连接起来:The festival is very popular; people from all over the world visit each 和逗号一同使用引出一系列名词:The three biggest cities in Canada are Toronto,Ontario; Montreal,Quebec; and Vancouver,BC 破折号Dash [-] 在一个句子前作总结:Mild,wet,and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in V 在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释:The children - Pierre,Laura,and Ashley - went to the Most Canadians - but not all - voted in the last 表示某人在说话过程中被打断:The woman said,"I want to ask - " when the earthquake began to shake the 连字符Hyphen [-] 连接两个单词:sweet-smelling; fire-resistant 将前缀:anti-Canadian; non-contact 在数字中使用:one-quarter; twenty-three
和语文差不多,但不用双引号
英文标点符号中除了破折号长度占2个英文字符外, 其他均只占1个英文字符。英文标点符号中没有“《》”、“、”和“~”。英文中书名一般用斜体表示,该用顿号时用逗号,表示数字范围则用半字线“-”。英文中“~”有时用在阿拉伯数字前表示近似。文中破折号、数字范围号与连字符分别为:“—”(长度占2个英文字符) 、“-” (占1个英文字符),而汉语中相应符号的长度分别比其长1倍:“——”(长度占2个汉字)、“—”(占1个汉字)和“-”(占半个汉字) 。更多有关英文论文标点符号的使用情况可以来中国鸣网学术站看看。
这里是有很规范的标点知识。Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享:希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译?(附使用规则)比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文:Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”,英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以,因为斜体有时候看着不整齐,译文中文需要加上书名号,书名第一次出现,需要括号加注原英文名(人名也这样处理)。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢:这里考察英语地名从小到大,而且加个逗号,汉语里面是从大到小,不加逗号,比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,可是我今天看了大家提交的译文,基本都这样写的:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——:破折号的用法和翻译,这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,经常用在文章或报道的开头,引出事件发生的背景(地点)。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon(冒号)1.引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语,翻译的时候保持:The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2.引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语,翻译的时候保持:Judges have a double duty;They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty/ He has only one pleasure: 3.引出较长的正式引语或大段引语,翻译的时候是:或者,In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4.用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后(英国用法中多用逗号),翻译的时候保持:Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5.用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后,翻译的时候保持:TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6.用于时与分之间(英国法中多用句号)、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间,翻译的时候保持:The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7.分隔书名的标题与副标题,翻译的时候保持:或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, Comma(逗号)1.分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2.分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3.分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4.分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5.分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6.分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7.表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9,常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10.分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11.分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12.分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13.用于信件的称呼语之后(美国用法中多用冒号)或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark(引号)1.用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1)逗号、句号位于引号内(这是美国用法,英国用法多置于引号外)2)不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3)在引语内再用引语时,可用单引号(这是美国用法,在英国用法中,单引号在外,双引号在内)4)引语不止一段时,引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2.用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”/ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3.用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak.”/ How do you spell the word" eclectic”?;Semicolon(分号)一般说来,分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间,即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系,比用句号分开的紧密,但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1.用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2.分隔已有逗号的并列成分,以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3.用于由 for example, for instance, namely,that is( to say), in fact,i.e.,e.g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面:It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题,这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面(相当于一个括号):During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中,我准是疯了,我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面(代替一个冒号,或与分号一起用):Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了,不用了,你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折:"And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说;“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫:"I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西:News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子,扩建的学校,更多的羊、猪、鸡,更多的马和驴,这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1.书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2.交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3.作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4,表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5.表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6.动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7.法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8.剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
英语论文标点符号的正确用法是什么
这里是有很规范的标点知识。Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享:希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译?(附使用规则)比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文:Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”,英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以,因为斜体有时候看着不整齐,译文中文需要加上书名号,书名第一次出现,需要括号加注原英文名(人名也这样处理)。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢:这里考察英语地名从小到大,而且加个逗号,汉语里面是从大到小,不加逗号,比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,可是我今天看了大家提交的译文,基本都这样写的:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——:破折号的用法和翻译,这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,经常用在文章或报道的开头,引出事件发生的背景(地点)。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon(冒号)1.引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语,翻译的时候保持:The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2.引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语,翻译的时候保持:Judges have a double duty;They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty/ He has only one pleasure: 3.引出较长的正式引语或大段引语,翻译的时候是:或者,In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4.用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后(英国用法中多用逗号),翻译的时候保持:Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5.用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后,翻译的时候保持:TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6.用于时与分之间(英国法中多用句号)、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间,翻译的时候保持:The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7.分隔书名的标题与副标题,翻译的时候保持:或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, Comma(逗号)1.分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2.分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3.分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4.分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5.分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6.分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7.表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9,常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10.分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11.分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12.分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13.用于信件的称呼语之后(美国用法中多用冒号)或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark(引号)1.用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1)逗号、句号位于引号内(这是美国用法,英国用法多置于引号外)2)不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3)在引语内再用引语时,可用单引号(这是美国用法,在英国用法中,单引号在外,双引号在内)4)引语不止一段时,引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2.用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”/ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3.用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak.”/ How do you spell the word" eclectic”?;Semicolon(分号)一般说来,分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间,即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系,比用句号分开的紧密,但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1.用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2.分隔已有逗号的并列成分,以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3.用于由 for example, for instance, namely,that is( to say), in fact,i.e.,e.g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面:It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题,这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面(相当于一个括号):During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中,我准是疯了,我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面(代替一个冒号,或与分号一起用):Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了,不用了,你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折:"And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说;“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫:"I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西:News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子,扩建的学校,更多的羊、猪、鸡,更多的马和驴,这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1.书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2.交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3.作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4,表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5.表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6.动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7.法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8.剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
句号 Period [] 用以表示一个句子的结束: Hockey is a popular sport in C The federal government is based in O 用在缩写中: BCis the province located on the West C DBethune was a Canadian who worked in C The company is located at 888 Bay Sin T It is 4:00 in Halifax right 问号 Question Mark ] 在句子的结尾使用问号表示是直接疑问句:How many provinces are there in Canada? 注意:在间接疑问句结尾不要加问号: The teacher asked the class a Do not ask me 叹号 Exclamation Mark [!] 在句子的结尾使用叹号表示惊讶、兴奋等情绪: We won the Stanley Cup! The forest is on fire! 逗号 Comma [,] 句子中的停顿:Therefore,we should write a letter to the prime 在疑问句中引出说话人:"I can come today," she said,"but not " 排列三个或以上的名词:Ontario,Quebec,and BCare the three biggest 引出定语从句:Emily Carr,who was born in 1871,was a great 单引号 Apostrophe ['] 表示所有:This is David's These are the player's (Things that belong to the player) Note:对于复数形式的名词,只加' These are the players' (Things that belong to the players) 缩写I don't know how to fix 引号Quotation Marks ["] 直接引出某人说的话: The prime minister said,"We will win the " "I can come today," she said,"but not " 冒号Colon [:] 引出一系列名词:There are three positions in hockey:goalie,defense,and 引出一个较长的引语:The prime minister said:"We will We will not give We will win the next " 分号Semicolon [;] 将两个相关的句子连接起来:The festival is very popular; people from all over the world visit each 和逗号一同使用引出一系列名词:The three biggest cities in Canada are Toronto,Ontario; Montreal,Quebec; and Vancouver,BC 破折号Dash [-] 在一个句子前作总结:Mild,wet,and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in V 在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释:The children - Pierre,Laura,and Ashley - went to the Most Canadians - but not all - voted in the last 表示某人在说话过程中被打断:The woman said,"I want to ask - " when the earthquake began to shake the 连字符Hyphen [-] 连接两个单词:sweet-smelling; fire-resistant 将前缀:anti-Canadian; non-contact 在数字中使用:one-quarter; twenty-three
目前英语中的标点符号主要有这么几种:1)逗号;2)句号;3)问号;4)冒号;5)撇号;6)感叹号;7)双引号;8)连字号。关于如何使用其他答主都有介绍。我可以分享一下标点符号如何翻译?Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享:希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译?(附使用规则)比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文:Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”,英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以,因为斜体有时候看着不整齐,译文中文需要加上书名号,书名第一次出现,需要括号加注原英文名(人名也这样处理)。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢:这里考察英语地名从小到大,而且加个逗号,汉语里面是从大到小,不加逗号,比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,可是我今天看了大家提交的译文,基本都这样写的:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——:破折号的用法和翻译,这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,经常用在文章或报道的开头,引出事件发生的背景(地点)。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon(冒号)1.引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语,翻译的时候保持:The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2.引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语,翻译的时候保持:Judges have a double duty;They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty/ He has only one pleasure: 3.引出较长的正式引语或大段引语,翻译的时候是:或者,In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4.用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后(英国用法中多用逗号),翻译的时候保持:Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5.用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后,翻译的时候保持:TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6.用于时与分之间(英国法中多用句号)、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间,翻译的时候保持:The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7.分隔书名的标题与副标题,翻译的时候保持:或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, Comma(逗号)1.分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2.分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3.分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4.分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5.分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6.分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7.表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9,常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10.分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11.分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12.分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13.用于信件的称呼语之后(美国用法中多用冒号)或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark(引号)1.用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1)逗号、句号位于引号内(这是美国用法,英国用法多置于引号外)2)不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3)在引语内再用引语时,可用单引号(这是美国用法,在英国用法中,单引号在外,双引号在内)4)引语不止一段时,引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2.用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”/ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3.用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak.”/ How do you spell the word" eclectic”?;Semicolon(分号)一般说来,分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间,即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系,比用句号分开的紧密,但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1.用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2.分隔已有逗号的并列成分,以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3.用于由 for example, for instance, namely,that is( to say), in fact,i.e.,e.g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面:It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题,这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面(相当于一个括号):During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中,我准是疯了,我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面(代替一个冒号,或与分号一起用):Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了,不用了,你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折:"And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说;“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫:"I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西:News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子,扩建的学校,更多的羊、猪、鸡,更多的马和驴,这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1.书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2.交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3.作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4,表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5.表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6.动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7.法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8.剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
英文标点符号中除了破折号长度占2个英文字符外, 其他均只占1个英文字符。英文标点符号中没有“《》”、“、”和“~”。英文中书名一般用斜体表示,该用顿号时用逗号,表示数字范围则用半字线“-”。英文中“~”有时用在阿拉伯数字前表示近似。文中破折号、数字范围号与连字符分别为:“—”(长度占2个英文字符) 、“-” (占1个英文字符),而汉语中相应符号的长度分别比其长1倍:“——”(长度占2个汉字)、“—”(占1个汉字)和“-”(占半个汉字) 。更多有关英文论文标点符号的使用情况可以来中国鸣网学术站看看。
论文标点符号的正确用法是什么
前几天,叔叔送给我一只小狗。它长得可爱极了。 这只小狗有着黑黑的眼睛,还有一对大耳朵,那样子长得可逗人了。它身上的毛色黑白相间,尾巴和爪子却是纯白色的,那白色的小尾巴平时总是一摇一摆的,四只雪白雪白的爪子像穿着干干净净的白袜子,很叫人喜欢。 小狗很喜欢我给它的食物,吃饱了总是一幅心满意足的样子。有时它喜欢抱着我的鞋啃着玩,玩累了就找个地方呼呼大睡起来。睡醒后,它喜欢东张西望的找我,让我陪着它玩。 我喜欢这只可爱的小狗,它已经成了我最好的伙伴。
如果一行的最后一格正好是此句最后一个字,句号写格的里面(挤在一起)写说话时,引号里的话结束后,标点是标在引号里但如果是引用别人的话,就是引号里的内容插到句子中间,内容又刚好在句末时,标点在引号外面
一、 标点符号分类概说标点符号分标号和点号两部分。点号:表示语言中的种种停顿,包括。(句号) ?(问号) !(感叹号) 、(顿号),(逗号) ;(分号) :(冒号)标号:标明词语或句子的性质和作用,包括 “ ”(引号) ( )(括号) ——(破折号) ……(省略号) 《 》(书名号)—(连接号) (间隔号) x (隐讳号) ~~~~(象声号) 口 (空缺号)二、 标点符号的书写规则:点号及标号中的间隔号各占一个字位置,引号、括号、书名号,前后各占一个字位置,行文中顶格一般可写前引号、前括号、前书名号、破折号,前引号、前括号、前书名号不能写在一行末尾。其他标点符号一般不能在顶格写。后引号、后括号、后书名号可在一行末尾,不能放在一行开头。省略号和破折号都放在字格中部,占两个字格,可出现在一行开头,也可出现在一行末尾,但不能拆开使用。连接号在连接汉语拼音时,占半个字的位置,而在铁路、公路等交通部门标明运行起讫点时,占两个字格。三、 标点符号使用的重点、难点1、 顿号、逗号、分号都用在句子中间 顿号,表示并列词语间的停顿; 逗号,表示一句话中间的停顿; 分号,表示并列分句间的停顿。顿号A 并列词语间如果有“和” “与” “及” “或”,就不必再用顿号。如:作图要用铅笔、米尺和圆规。 B 并列词语间还有并列,大并列用逗号,小并列用用顿号。 原子弹、氢弹的爆炸,人造卫星的发射、回收,标志着我国科学技术的发展达到了新的水平。C 并列短语做谓语、补语,并列词语间不用顿号,而用逗号。 我们的党伟大,光荣,正确。 我们要不断学习,进步,提高。 他的故事讲得真实,动人。D 有的词语并列,读起来不停顿或停顿小,又不产生歧义,不用顿号。这是风马牛不相及的事。 工农业生产 党政干部E 连用相临数字表示约数,数字间不用顿号。他看上去十七八岁。 这所小学有五六百人。走了三四里路。逗号A 用在主语后,强调主语。惨象,已使我目不忍视;流言,尤使我耳不忍闻。B用在谓语部分的中心词后(宾语是一个较长的句子)我们高兴地看到,素质教育的实施取得了良好的教育效果。我记得,那时她还是个不懂事的小姑娘。(若要突出宾语,逗号改为冒号。如:革命的实践证明:解放几十年来的文化教育工作是取得了很大成绩的。)C 用来隔开不在本位的成分。眨眼间,岗尖岗尖的四大堆柴草已经准备好了。(状语在句首)进来吧,同学们!(主谓倒装)鼓动吧,风!咆哮吧,雷!(主谓倒装)荷塘四面,长着许多树,蓊蓊郁郁的。(定语后置)我买了件羊毛大衣,进口的。(定语后置)D 独立语或呼语后头用逗号。你看,那边枫叶红了。 朋友,你到过天山吗?E 用在关联词后、同位语间、插入语后。他现在还不是很努力,但是,和以前比,已经进步很大了。老王,我们的组长昨天得奖了。什么事,更确切地说,是事关你前途和命运的大事。分号A 在非并列关系的多重复句内有时也用分号。我国公民,不分民族、种族、性别、职业、家庭出身、宗教信仰、教育程度、财产状况、居住期限,都有选举权和被选举权;但是依照法律被剥夺政治权利的人除外。(转折关系)B 单句排比,要求气势贯通,一般用逗号,不用分号。对待同志要像春天般的温暖,对待工作要像夏天一样火热,对待个人主义要像秋风扫落叶一样,对待敌人要像严冬一样残酷无情。C 如果分句内已经有了逗号,分句间要用分号隔开;如果分句间没有用逗号,分句间只用逗号隔开,不必使用分号。小军考上了兰大,小玲考上了陕师大。做,要靠想来指导;想,要靠做来实践。2 、冒号和破折号看两个例子:今天的晚会有如下节目:独唱、舞蹈、二重唱和相声。我国的四大发明——火药、印刷术、指南针、造纸术对世界历史的发展有伟大的贡献。A 表总分关系 分说是总说的分项叙述用 : 分说撒总说的注释用 ——B 内容上 : 表总分关系,分说不能删 —— 表注释,可删去注释,句意仍完整。C 语气 : 停顿时间长——停顿时间短或没有停顿。 冒号使用注意问题:(1) 没有大的停顿,不用冒号。如:今天开会,讨论:如何提高学习效率的问题。(冒号使用错误,不用冒号)(2) 冒号一般管到句末。错例:参加国庆献礼的优秀影片:《风暴》《青春之歌》《林则徐》等,也将在各大城市上映。(冒号只管到“等”前面的内容。)(3) 词谓语支配较长宾语,为了强调宾语,谓语后不用句号,用冒号。如: 实践证明:人民群众是历史的真正创造者。(4)“说”、“问”后如果是间接引,不用冒号。(4) 冒号可以总结上文。一面做,一面想。做,要靠想来指导;想,要靠做来实践:想和做是紧密连结在一起的。直到十几天之后,这才陆续的知道她家里还有严厉的婆婆;一个小叔子,十多岁,能打柴了;她是春天没了丈夫的;他本来也打柴为生,比她小十岁:大家知道的就只是这一点。破折号表示后面的话是解释或补充说明的;表示后面的话是转折、递进、转换话题的;表示话语中断、说话延长等;转换说话对象。3、 叹号、省略号如果有的成分倒置,感叹号应放在句末。如:歌唱吧,年轻的朋友们! 请收起眼泪吧,可敬的人民!省略号后一般不用点号 。省略号就表示“等” “等等”,所以省略号后面不必再用“等”“等等”,用了“等” “等等”,就不再用省略号。4、 问号A、用不用问号,不在于句中有没有表疑问的词语,关键要看句子有没有询问或反问语气。有的句子虽有表疑问的词语,但并不提出问题,不要求回答,也不是反问,而是陈述一种情况,这类句子属陈述句,句末不用问号。如:我没什么,可不知道人家怎么想。我真的不知道小张招聘到哪个单位。他问老人的女儿是干什么的,住在哪里。 所以,不能单看句子有无疑问词,而应从整个句子结构上辨析,看整个句子是否在发问。再如:我们应该调查一下,这件事到底是什么原因。什么时候报名,什么时候出发,我都打听好了 。B 选择问中间停顿处用逗号,句末用问号。这样对待同学,是帮助他呢,还是害他呢?是你去参加活动呢,还是我去?有时为了强调各选项的独立性,也可以在各选项后都用问号,如:是站在他们的前面领导他们呢?还是站在他们的后头议论他们?还是站在他们的对立面反对他们呢?C 倒装句,中间用逗号,句末用问号。怎么啦,同学们?D 有些表委婉语气的祈使句,句末也可用问号。请你稍微让一让好吗? 你过来一下好不好?E 反问句连用,中间处用问号。你不觉得我们的战士是可爱的吗?你不为我们的祖国有这样的英雄而自豪吗?5、 引号A 引号表引用的部分。注意:“说”在所说的话中间,有两种情况,看如下例句:“没关系,”他解释说,“我反正要走一趟的。”“阿姨,”他低低地说,“我们赶快走吧!”(这两个句子,前边都不是完整的句子,中间用逗号。)“我……我……我什么时候骗过你?”他问得很突然,我也就随便反问了一句:“你可准有对象了吧?”“不肯跟我走?怕我把癌过给你吧?你快去收拾收拾,两小时后起飞。”将军一本正经地说:“我等你!”(这两个句子,前边都是完整句子,中间用冒号。)B 引文之内又有引文时,外边的一层用双引号,里面一层用但引号。如果引号内又有引文,那又要用双引号,依次类推。例:大娘接着解释说:“收豆子、红薯的时候,獾正肥哩,肉香,油多俗话说‘八斤獾肉七斤油’啊。”6、引文后标点 A 引文后标点的位置以引用部分在文中的位置而定。直接引原文,引用部分独立成句,意思又完整,句末点号放在引号内。如:我联想到了唐代贾岛的诗句:“只在此山中,云深不知处。”夹引,即引文作为自己的话的一部分。如果引文结束正好是句子停顿,点号在引号外。例1:他说了声“没关系”,就收拾自己的东西。例2:写文章要做到“平字见奇,常字见险,朴字见色”。如果引文结束,句子不停顿,则用引号不用点号。例:“满招损,谦受益”这句名言,流传至今已两千多年了。B 如果只把别人的话的大意说出,不照原样引述,则不用引号。C 引文中还套引文,依此规则推断点号位置。D 引文后需注明出处的直接引用原文且意思完整的,引文后用( )注明,即 “ 。”()夹引的,若引号外有点号 “ ”,则 “ ”( ),若引号外无点号 “ ” 则 “ ”( ) 例:我国历代作家以“意则期多,字则唯少”作为写文章的准则,力求“句句无余字,篇中无长语”(姜夔《白石诗说》)。7、 注释性文字的标点括号内的内容是注释句中一部分内容的,叫句内括号,括号紧跟被注释对象,注释语如果有标点,那么句中标点按常规使用,句末标点除感叹号和问号外,其他都省去。例:中国猿人(全名为“中国猿人北京种”,简称“北京人”)在我国的发现,是对古人类学的一个重大贡献。括号内的内容是注释全句内容的,叫句外括号,括号应放在全句末点号后面,注释语如有标点,照常规使用。例:他培育了许多香花,喂养和训练了许多小动物。(他后来还曾照顾动物园的一只生病的老虎,每天一匙一匙地用牛奶喂它。)
英文论文标点符号的正确用法是
这里是有很规范的标点知识。Joy高斋翻译CATTI和MTI分享:希望对你有用。必备|标点符号如何翻译?(附使用规则)比如2016年11月英语三级笔译实务试题原文:Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a M”书名号里面的双引号。“To Kill a Mockingbird”,英文中的书名通常是斜体或加引号表示或者大写就可以,因为斜体有时候看着不整齐,译文中文需要加上书名号,书名第一次出现,需要括号加注原英文名(人名也这样处理)。还比如14年11月CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题原文:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military 里面的逗号和破折号。WATERLOO, Belgium比利时滑铁卢:这里考察英语地名从小到大,而且加个逗号,汉语里面是从大到小,不加逗号,比如Shanghai, China翻译为中国上海。这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,可是我今天看了大家提交的译文,基本都这样写的:WATERLOO, Belgium --- The region 比利时滑铁卢——:破折号的用法和翻译,这是CATTI英译汉高频翻译细节,经常用在文章或报道的开头,引出事件发生的背景(地点)。翻译的时候保持破折号即可。:Colon(冒号)1.引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语,翻译的时候保持:The string section consists of four instruments: violin, viola cello, and /His grades are a follows: English, an A; H a B: Science, a D: and Math, a C2.引出对前文进行补充、总结或强调的词语,翻译的时候保持:Judges have a double duty;They must protect the innocent and punish the guilty/ He has only one pleasure: 3.引出较长的正式引语或大段引语,翻译的时候是:或者,In his most famous speech he said: All men are created equal and must enjoy equally the rights that are inalienably 4.用于信件或演说词中的称呼语之后(英国用法中多用逗号),翻译的时候保持:Dear Sir: /Dear Professor Jones: /Ladies and Gentlemen:5.用于公函、政府文件或商业函件的标题或标目之后,翻译的时候保持:TO /SUBJECT: /REFERENCE: /VIA:6.用于时与分之间(英国法中多用句号)、比率数之间、《圣经》的章与节之间,翻译的时候保持:The train is to leave at 8: /Common nouns outnumber proper nouns in proportion /You will find it in Genesis 2: 4-7.分隔书名的标题与副标题,翻译的时候保持:或者破折号NOStromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, Comma(逗号)1.分隔并列成分We are tired, hungry and /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to how to converse 2.分隔并列句中的分句It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next / We must leave now, or we will miss the / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than 3.分隔对比或对照成分He is sick, not /The more haste, the less 4.分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the /They want us, you and me, to go /I have to get up early, particularly on S5.分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you the red one or the blue one?6.分隔直接引语和导语Only a "Sherman said, " would carry on like 7.表示省略相同词语Some went to the right; others, to the 分隔句首状语Usually, he is dressed in blue / Except for physics, my courses are not /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to 9,常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语Honestly, that's all the money I /Personally, I prefer the other /Unfortunately, they were out when I /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, , 4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;7)yes, no, well, ohAnyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too /This is, however, another side to this This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate /On the contrary, it hardly ever It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the /In my opinion, he is Yes, times have /Well, not much can be done about it /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!10.分隔日期、数字、地点Firstly, let me deal with the most important /The cinema is only open to adults, ,people over June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los A /The price of this sedan car is $12,/He lives at 1515 Halsted SChicago, I11.分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?12.分隔呼语R W Leeds, M D /George Washington, President/Smith, John W, JI would like to ask you, M Jones, for your /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a 13.用于信件的称呼语之后(美国用法中多用冒号)或结束语之后Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,“ ”Quotation Mark(引号)1.用于直接引语注意下列句子中其他标点符号与引号的相对位置:1)逗号、句号位于引号内(这是美国用法,英国用法多置于引号外)2)不属于引语的问号、感叹号或破折号位于引号之外3)在引语内再用引语时,可用单引号(这是美国用法,在英国用法中,单引号在外,双引号在内)4)引语不止一段时,引号位于各段起始处和最后一段结尾处Michael said, "Let's meet at my house next "/"No, you cant, "she "It's January 1, 1863, Lincoln declared the slaves "forever "/The word"bread, for example, has both standard and slang Why did she say "That is a very selfish attitude"?The witness said, "I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be late, and then heard the door " /The witness said, I distinctly heard him say, Don’t be and then heard the door ’Frequently used signs and symbols are in the back of this Many are found on Symbols include the chemical The chemical elements are also grouped together in the back of this "2.用于引述文章、文艺作品、歌曲、广播及电视节目、绘画等Have you read the article"Shanghai Shows Its Colors"in the January Time? /"Ode to a Nightingale " was written by K /American national anthem is"The Star-spangled B " /YOAS Amencan Mosaic”/ Da Vinci’s“ Mona Lisa "3.用于引述俚语、反语、借用语、定义、词形等Her brother"socked her in the eye and" beaned "her with a /Bob's skiing"vacation"consisted of three weeks with his leg in a / The basic meaning of dumb in both British and American English is“ unable to speak.”/ How do you spell the word" eclectic”?;Semicolon(分号)一般说来,分号的作用介于句号与逗号之间,即用分号隔开的两部分之间的关系,比用句号分开的紧密,但不及用逗号分开的紧密。1.用于并列分句之间People make history: unusual people make history /Your car is new; mine is six years /I came, I saw I /it's too late to go for a walk now; besides, it's beginning to /We finally found the gate; however, it had been 2.分隔已有逗号的并列成分,以避免歧义Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the The sun, a bright yellow ball, shone; the children, happy as always, 3.用于由 for example, for instance, namely,that is( to say), in fact,i.e.,e.g等词语引出的分句之前Many of their talents complemented each other; for example, he played the piano and she /Tom is well-liked: in he is the most popular person in the /He chose to invest in major industries: e, steel, automobiles, and — Dash(破折号)用在一个解释性的分句或句子前面:It's an environmental — That's not a small 这是个环境保护的问题,这不是一件小事。用在一个解释性的插入语的前面和后面(相当于一个括号):During my vacation—I must have been insane—I decided I would 假期中,我准是疯了,我决定去滑雪。用在一个引用的句子前面(代替一个冒号,或与分号一起用):Uncle Wang laughingly answered—"No, no; stay where you "大叔笑着回答道“不用了,不用了,你就呆到那。”表示意思的突然转折:"And may I ask—"said Xiao Wu;" but I guess it's better for you to ask him about "“我可以问——”小吴说;“不过我想还是你问他的好。”表示迟疑犹豫:"I—I—I rather think —maybe—Amy has taken "“我——我——我想——或许——是艾米拿了。”总括前面列举的若干东西:News house, larger schools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere here shows signs of 新房子,扩建的学校,更多的羊、猪、鸡,更多的马和驴,这里的一切显示出一片繁荣景象。Italicization斜体字的使用1.书籍、报刊、文章、诗歌、乐曲、电影、绘画等的名称Dickens' Oliver Twist /The English-Chinese Dictionary/Readers Digest /The New York TimesMilton's Paradise Lost/Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro/ The Sound of Music /Van Gogh’s StarryNight2.交通工具、航天器等专名Air Force One/Apollo/Challenger3.作为例示的词、字母或数字The word receive is often /The b in comb is silent4,表示强调的词语She never expected such a /woman's place was in the home; it certainly isn’t 5.表示未归化的外来词语In aeternum[L]/ fille[F]6.动物学和植物学中表示属、种、亚种及变种的拉丁语新学名The horse (Equus caballus )has affected the course of history more than any other /The mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens )is the state flower of O7.法庭案例名称中的原被告姓名Madison Kingley/the Jones case8.剧本中的舞台提示ROBERT: Ah yes, of Sit down, sit down, please, M R [She sits as if this made matters rather ]PHILIP: (Standing guard by her )My wife is a little 取自陆谷孙英译汉大词典
英文标点符号中除了破折号长度占2个英文字符外, 其他均只占1个英文字符。英文标点符号中没有“《》”、“、”和“~”。英文中书名一般用斜体表示,该用顿号时用逗号,表示数字范围则用半字线“-”。英文中“~”有时用在阿拉伯数字前表示近似。文中破折号、数字范围号与连字符分别为:“—”(长度占2个英文字符) 、“-” (占1个英文字符),而汉语中相应符号的长度分别比其长1倍:“——”(长度占2个汉字)、“—”(占1个汉字)和“-”(占半个汉字) 。更多有关英文论文标点符号的使用情况可以来中国鸣网学术站看看。
汉英标点符号的用法大致差不多主要区别是:英语里没有顿号,用的是逗号省略号是三点,不是六点句号不是小圆圈,而是小圆点
英语论文标点符号的正确用法是
1、英文标点符号中除了破折号长度占2个英文字符外, 其他均只占1个英文字符。中、英文的逗号、分号、冒号等乍看起来完全一样,但实际上也是不一样的。排英文摘要时应转换到英文状态下操作,避免英文中出现全角标点,影响版面的美观。2、英文标点符号中没有“《》”、“、”和“~”。英文中书名一般用斜体表示,该用顿号时用逗号,表示数字范围则用半字线“-”。英文中“~”有时用在阿拉伯数字前表示近似。3、文中破折号、数字范围号与连字符分别为:“—”(长度占2个英文字符) 、“-” (占1个英文字符),而汉语中相应符号的长度分别比其长1倍:“——”(长度占2个汉字)、“—”(占1个汉字)和“-”(占半个汉字) 。4、在英文中,无论引号中是一个单句、短语、从句还是独立成分,末尾的逗号和句号等一律封闭在引号之内。5、汉语中标点符号前后均不空格,而英文则不一样。英文点号前不空,后要空一格;英文破折号“——”, 数字范围号“-”和连字符“ - ”前后均不空格;英文引号和括号外面前后均空格,里面前后均不空格。6、带缩略号的缩略语位于句末时,可省略一个黑点,但省略号位于句末时,句点不能省略。7、可用若干个带连字符的词修饰同一个名词。英国论文的写作对于各细节的要求相信同学们都有所了解,在平时的留学生活中对于论文的接触也是很多的,所以同学们在留学期间写作英国论文时有任何关于写作论文的疑问都可咨询一些国内较为知名的留学服务网站,例如51Due、留学府都是非常不错的留学服务网站,希望能够帮助到大家。