写一篇关于养殖的论文英文怎么说

写一篇关于养殖的论文英文怎么说

Aquaculture

[summary] With the continuous development of my county silkworm industry，The traditional way of keeping leaves already can not adapt to the sericulture demand of the new age Through our exploration，we invented a new way of keeping leaves---，the stacking of plastic crate this new way has a lot of for instance ，it has the good points of low cost ，low occupied storage space and good storage It is the new way that is able to satisfy the current silkworm production application [the key words] plastic crate keeping leaves stacking

我都有一种点举报的冲动了，自己不翻译，上网找，来知道找就算了，还没有分……

写一篇关于养殖的论文英语怎么说

欧洲循环水养殖技术综述Review/Overview(推荐前者) for Technology of Circulating Water Breeding in E工厂化内循环海水鱼类养殖水质净化技术Water Purification Technology for Sea Fish Breeding with Factory/Industrial(2选1) Internal R国家环境保护总局 水和废水监测分析方法（第四版） 北京：中国环境科学出版社2002State Environmental Protection AMonitoring and Analysis Methods of Water and Waste Water[M]， 4th E Beijing: China Environmental Science P 标题，各单词首字母，大写；介词、连词除外书籍类参考文献，最后出版年代不宜省略国家环境保护总局（SEPA），现改称：中华人民共和国环境保护部（Ministry of Environmental Protection of the PRC）；中国环境科学出版社（CESP），现改称：中国环境出版有限责任公司（China's Environmental Science Publishing C， L）供参

abstract key wordsabstract: with the continuous development of sericulture of our county， the traditional ways of storing the mulberry leaves could no longer meet with the demands in the new through exploration we have succeeded in inventing a new method of storing---plastic crates piling method， which is featured by low cost， space saving ， good effects he plastic frame piling method is a new method to fit with the producing key words: plastic crate；leaf storing; pile该大写的地方你自己调整吧。这是手工翻译的。我专八。

一、什么是水产生态养殖　　养鱼的朋友都知道，我们养鱼的鱼塘是一个复杂的生态系统。水面以上有阳光，空气；塘基上有陆生植物；水是有鱼、有各种水生植物、昆虫、蚤类、藻类、真菌、细菌、病毒、以及有机物和无机盐。池底有淤泥，同样也生长得上述生物及有机物和无机盐。它们之间存在着相养、相生、相帮、相克等极其复杂的关系，生态养殖就是合理利用它们之间的相生、相养、相帮、相克的关系，生产我们所需要的水产品。合理利用它们之间的关系，不管是从经济效益还是社全效益和环境效益，都能达到一个最好的结果，这就是生态养殖。　　二、什么是绿色无公害水产品　　首先，养殖基地必须经过认证，其中最主要的是大气、土壤、水质必须符合《农产品安全质量----水产品产地环境要求》国家标准和《无公害食品淡水养殖用水水质》农业部标准的要求；其次，必须按照无公害水产品的生产技术操作规程进行养殖，从苗种放养到饲料、肥料、渔药等一切投入品的使用，再到产品的捕捞、贮运、质检、包袋、上市的各个环节均需符合相关标准或规范的要求；第三，产品必须经过政府指定的权威质检机构的抽检、完全合格并颁证后方能进入市场销售。　　三、水产生态养殖有何意义　　1，环境效益：传统的养殖模式，不但用水量大，而且施用的大剂量的国家违禁药品，如硫酸铜、孔雀石绿、敌百虫、呋喃类药等，随着大量换水，对坏境造成很大的破坏。同时对于鱼塘底质也造成难以估量的损害，使鱼塘生态环境遭到极大的破坏，恶性病源微生物大量增殖。生产的水产品通过食物链的扩散，不但对人的健康造成了损害，对环境的破环也是巨大的。　　2，社会效益：随着人民生活水平的提高，人们环保意思的加强，人们更加注重食品安全性，加上我国加入WTO，水产品要进入国际市场，必须达到别国的食品安全标准，因此，为了国人的身体健康，和中国水产品出口的高额利润，必须执行生态养殖。　　3，经济效益：传统的养殖模式，已经造成了鱼池微生物菌群严重失衡，病原微生物巨增，抗药性增强，养鱼户不得不加大药物用量，结果鱼病治不好，鱼体受伤，产量锐减，品质下降，成本增加，泛塘事件屡屡发生。这就是我们大通湖及周边地区常规鱼养殖户放弃养鱼，鱼塘种棉花怪现像发生的主要原因。湖北养鱼户率先应用了微生物制剂生态养殖法，已产生了可喜的成绩，他们生产的草鱼以低于我地每公斤1元的绝对优势，占领着湖南岳阳鲜鱼市场和其它湖南部份鲜鱼市场。在黄鳝养殖上也是用药泡着，隔三差五施药，严重影响了黄鳝的生长和产品品质，使养殖成本居高不下。更有甚者，越冬黄鳝成箱成箱的死亡，给我们不施执生态养殖敲响了警钟。我们养殖户必须改变生产观念！走出传统养殖模式的怪圈。　　四，倡导生态养殖的可行性　　随着我国水产科学的进步，已经为生态养殖研究出了系统的技术，制定了科学的标准，同时也研究出了适合生态养殖的高效、低残留、低剂量的水产用药，特别中成药和中药提取物，和有益微生物制剂天意EM原露，深圳希科安公司生产的动物强壮剂饲料添加剂-活力素。更是我们施执生态养殖有了足够的保障。广东的亩产草鱼过吨半的事例，同样也可以作为生态养殖的可行性的佐证。　　五、怎样实行生态养殖　　生态养殖包含的范畴很宽，它主要有如下几种。(一)人工生态环境养殖法。(二)多品种立体养殖法。(三)开放式流水或微流水养殖法。(四)全封闭循环水工厂化养殖法。(五)水产品与农作物共生互利养殖法。(六)使用微生物制剂养殖法。因为篇幅的限制，我这里不能作一一的阐述，就着重对使用微生物制剂法加以说明，如果对前五种方法感兴趣的朋友，请到我部咨询。 什么是微生物制剂养殖法：近10年来，微生物活菌制剂逐渐在水产养殖中得到应用推广，这给无公害健康养殖生产提供了有力的保障。目前较多使用的产品有光合细菌制剂，芽胞杆菌、乳酸杆菌制剂，天意EM原露等。他们能分解水体中的残饵、鱼粪等有机质，降低水中的氨氮含量，使养殖水体变清洁，从而改善了环境；他们能改善养殖对象的胃肠道内环境，增强食欲，促进生长，提高饲料报酬；他们还能强化养殖对象的免疫功能，提高免疫力，增强抗病能力；还能强化有益菌群，防止和减少细菌性疾病的发生与蔓延。　　I What is the aquatic eco-farming　　Fish friends are aware that we fish ponds is a complex The sun above the water， air; Tong have land-based plants; water is a fish， a variety of aquatic plants， insects， fleas， algae， fungi， bacteria， viruses， and organic and inorganic Mud bottom there is also growing these organisms and organic and inorganic Between them there is a phase dependent， with students such as grams of extremely complex relations， ecological farming is the rational use of their students with dependents，compared the relationship between grams， production of aquatic products we Rational use of the relations between them， whether from economic or social benefits and environmental benefits the whole， to achieve the best results， this is the eco-　　Second， what is the green pollution-free aquatic　　First of all， the breeding base to be certified， of which the most important thing is the atmosphere， soil， water quality must be consistent with "the quality safety of agricultural products ---- environmental requirements of aquatic origin，" National Institute of Standards and "pollution-free water for the water quality of freshwater aquaculture products，" the Ministry of Agriculture standards requirements; Second， pollution-free aquatic products in accordance with the rules of production technologies for breeding， from fry stocking to feed， fertilizer， Drugs， such as the use of all inputs， to fishing products， storage and transportation， quality inspection， bag listed to comply with all aspects of the relevant standards or norms; the third， the product must go through the authority designated by the Government of the sampling inspection agencies， fully qualified and licensing in order to enter the market after the 　　Third， what is the significance of aquatic eco-farming　　1， environmental benefits: the traditional mode of farming， not only large quantities of water， and the application of large doses of countries banned substances， such as copper， malachite green， trichlorfon， furans and other drugs， with a large number of the water， on the bad habitat caused great Substrate for the fish ponds at the same time also caused incalculable damage to fish ponds in the ecological environment has been greatly damaged， a large number of malignant proliferation of pathogenic micro- Produced by the proliferation of aquatic products through the food chain， not only on human health damage， environmental destruction is 　　2， social benefits: With the improvement of people's lives， it is meant to strengthen environmental protection， people pay more attention to food safety， coupled with China's accession to the WTO， aquatic products to enter the international market， other countries must meet food safety standards， therefore， To the health of the people， and China， the export of aquatic products of high profits， they must be the implementation of eco-　　3， cost-effective: the traditional mode of farming， has caused a serious imbalance in Yuchih microbial flora， pathogenic microorganisms by macrophages， enhanced resistance， the fish farmers had to increase the drug dosage， the results of fish diseases body injuries， sharp drop in output， decline in quality， cost increase has occurred frequently Tong P This is our Chase Lake and the surrounding areas of conventional fish farmers to give up fish， fish ponds is strange to produce much cotton as the main reason for the Hubei mariculturists microbial agents take the lead in the application of eco-farming method， has produced gratifying results， they produced less than I in grass carp to 1 yuan per kilogram of absolute superiority， occupied the fish market in Hunan Yueyang in Hunan Province and other parts of fresh fish In the rice field eel is also a drug culture on the bubble， andapplication， Monopterus seriously affected the growth and product quality， so that the cost of high Even worse， the winter Monopterus boxes into the death of me， to us they are no wake-up call ecological Fish farmers must change our production concept! Out of the traditional model of the cycle of 　　Fourth， promote the feasibility of eco-farming　　With the progress of China's Aquatic Sciences， has been developed for the ecological farming system technology， has developed standards for science， but also for eco-culture has developed a highly efficient and low-residue， low-dose administration of fisheries， particularly in medicine and Chinese extract， and beneficial microbial preparations reveal the original EM Providence， Shenzhenproduced tonic animal feed additives - H Shi Zhi and it is eco-farming has been adequately Guangdong's per-mu yield of grass carp have been a half tons of examples， the same can also be used as the feasibility of eco-culture of 　　Fifth， how to implement eco-farming　　Ecological farming includes a wide scope， it has the following several (A) the ecological environment of artificial breeding (B) three-dimensional multi-species breeding (C) open-water or water micro-culture (D) closed the factory farm method of circulating (V) aquatic symbiotic and mutually beneficial crop breeding (Vi) the use of microbial culture preparation Because of space limitations， I can not be here on the 11， we focus on the use of microbial preparations to illustrate this method， if the methods of the former five friends interested in， please go to the Department of advice I What is the breeding method microbial agents: the past 10 years， gradually Microorganisms in aquaculture are applied to promote the health of this culture to the pollution-free production provided strong At present， more products are used preparations of photosynthetic bacteria， Bacillus， Lactobacillus preparations， such as an act of God reveal the original EM They can break down残饵water， fish manure and other organic matter， reduce the ammonia content in water， so that culture change clean water， thereby improving the environment; they can object to improve the breeding environment of the gastrointestinal tract， enhance the appetite， promote growth and improve feed remuneration; they can strengthen the immune function of the target culture and enhance immunity， enhanced disease resistance; can strengthen the beneficial bacteria to prevent and reduce the occurrence of bacterial diseases and the

我都有一种点举报的冲动了，自己不翻译，上网找，来知道找就算了，还没有分……

写一篇关于养殖的论文英文

[summary] With the continuous development of my county silkworm industry，The traditional way of keeping leaves already can not adapt to the sericulture demand of the new age Through our exploration，we invented a new way of keeping leaves---，the stacking of plastic crate this new way has a lot of for instance ，it has the good points of low cost ，low occupied storage space and good storage It is the new way that is able to satisfy the current silkworm production application [the key words] plastic crate keeping leaves stacking

水产养殖中使用微生态制剂的报告 近年来， 在水产养殖业中， 微生态制剂作为绿色饲料添加剂、水质改良剂以及对鱼类健康、预防疾病、 促进生长和品质改善所起的显著作用， 越来越被人们所重视， 并以其无毒副作用， 无耐药性， 无残留污染， 效果显著等特点逐渐得到广大水产养殖者的认可。近年来， 微生物技术在水产养殖中的应用越来越广泛， 利用微生物制剂进行水产健康养殖， 实现无公害养殖， 已成为发展趋势。 具体来源： -view-1400

下面的题目都很好，主要是有创新。跟你一个专业，写的《水产养殖中有效强化鱼病防治工作的措施》，当时那个痛苦啊，还好师兄给的文方网，专业的就是不一样，很快就Ok了　　转变增长方式是我国水产养殖持续发展的必由之路　　我国水产养殖选址和养殖容量管理现状(英文)　　环境友好的水产养殖业——零污水排放循环水产养殖系统　　基于最佳管理实践的规模化水产养殖污染管理　　水产养殖规划项目环境影响评价研究

写一篇关于养殖的论文英语

Everyone has his own Some want to be Others hope to be My dream is to become a 每个人都有他自己的梦想。一些人想成为医生。一些人希望成为科学家。我的梦想是成为一名老师。 Teachers can not teach us many things at school， but they do their best to teach us how to Thanks to them， we learn And at the same time， we learn how to live a happy They spend most time on their They are great in my 老师不仅能在学校教给我们许多事情，而且他们尽力教会我们如何去学习。感谢他们，我们学到了知识。并且在同时，我们知道怎么幸福地生活。 他们花费他们大多数时间在他们的学生身上。他们在我的眼里是伟大的。 I hope to be a teacher because I admire I know it is not easy to make my dream come But I decide to study harder from now I am sure my dream will come 我希望成为一名教师因为我钦佩老师。我知道实现我的梦想并不容易。但是我决定从现在开始更加努力地学习。我确信我的梦想一定能实现。

Recently，it is pop to keep a As this phenomenon，different people keep different On one side，lots of people thing there are more advantages than the First and foremost，because dogs are lovely and they are the friends of our human In the second place，keeping dogs would be a method to take case of the disabled in some Moreover，dogs could gard our Not but least，dogs could company with us when we On the other side，keep a dog may make some It may cause some What's worse，the excrement would destroy the tidy of the In my brief，every coin has two We should handle it

你喜欢就养 有洁辟。家里有重镇病人，对狗国民的 最后不要养 养了狗就要找罪了 最后一句话该死的球朝天 记的给分啊

写一篇关于养殖的论文英文版

建设现代化畜牧业强省必须转变畜牧业生产方式　　[编者按] 四川省人民政府于2005年12月5日发出通知，对如何保持我省畜牧业稳定发展的势头，提出了新的目标和新的要求。其主导思想就是，要把转变畜牧业的生产方式，作为全省各级政府和畜牧主管部门发展我省畜牧业的基本思路，并以此来制定畜牧工作的方针和措施。现将《四川省人民政府关于转变畜牧业生产方式加快建设现代化畜牧业强省的意见》刊登于后供各地畜牧部门学习参考。　　我省畜牧业已经连续28年持续稳步增长，多项经济技术指标名列全国前茅，生猪出栏和猪肉产量居于全国首位，畜牧业已经成为农村经济的支柱产业和国民经济的重要产业。近年来，畜产品质量安全和动物疫病防控越来越受到人们关注，分散养殖和粗放经营越来越制约畜牧业健康发展，彻底转变畜牧业生产方式，加快推进畜禽的规模化养殖和标准化生产，确保提供优质、安全、高效的畜禽产品，已成为新时期畜牧业发展的战略选择和构建现代化畜牧经济强省的必然途径。为此，特提出以下意见。　　一、指导思想　　坚持以人为本，用科学发展观指导畜牧业生产方式的转变；以确保产品安全，维护公众健康，保护生态环境，促进社会和谐为目的；以推进畜禽规模化饲养和标准化生产为突破口；以实现数量、质量和生态并重发展为重点，以提高畜牧业综合效益，增加农民收入为目标来建设现代化畜牧业强省。　　二、基本原则　　1、把动物疫病防治控制与畜牧业投入品监控结合起来，建设无公害畜产品基地，提高畜产品质量，保证消费者安全。　　2、把畜牧业生产发展与畜禽养殖环境建设结合起来，促进生态环境与生产条件的同步改善，实现生态效益和经济效益的同步增长。　　3、把畜牧业科技创新与适用技术普及推广结合起来，着力构筑现代化畜牧业生产体系，建立种、养、加、销一体化的经济结构。　　4、把政府的政策导向和市场机制要求结合起来，引导广大养殖户遵循自然规律、经济规律和市场规律，坚持走畜牧业可持续发展之路。　　三、目标任务　　总体目标：实现畜牧业“四改五化”，即通过改良畜禽品种、改善养殖环境、改变饲养管理、改革经营流通，建立一套功能完善、运行良好的畜牧业健康养殖体系，努力达到养殖规模化、生产标准化、管理规范化、经营产业化、畜禽产品安全化，构建现代化畜牧经济强省。　　具体任务：“十一五”期间，无疫区建设充分发挥作用，重大动物疫病有效控制，畜禽养殖环境明显改善，规模化养殖场畜禽粪污实现达标排放，畜产品全部实现安全化；推行畜禽的适度规模饲养和标准化生产，商品猪适度规模饲养出栏量占总出栏的比重达60%以上，建立一批畜禽标准化饲养基地；畜禽良种率每年提高5个百分点以上，将我省建成全国最大的种畜禽生产基地；推进畜产品精深加工，规范畜禽定点屠宰，严格禁止私屠滥宰，严格对病死畜实行“四不一处理”，生猪的工厂化屠宰加工达60%以上；到2010年，畜牧业产值实现1930亿元，占农业总产值60%，农民人均畜产品现金收入每年增加50元以上。　　四、保障措施　　（一）加强技术培训，实现从业人员技能化　　一是努力提高广大养殖户的科学文化素质。大力开展对养殖户的技术培训，力争在2010年前把养殖户普遍培训一次，改变农村的卫生习俗和养殖习惯，提高养殖技术水平。引导农民分工分业，走专业化饲养的路子，逐步实现从业人员专门化和技能化。　　二是加快对畜牧兽医从业人员的技术培训。到2010年，使30%以上的养殖户获得绿色证书，畜禽规模化养殖场配备具有大专学历水平的兽医和畜牧专业人员。乡镇兽医人员达到中专学历水平以上。　　三是加强对畜禽屠宰加工人员的培训和管理。重点对定点屠宰加工人员进行职业技能培训、动物疫病知识培训和公共卫生知识培训。有条件的地方应逐步推行屠宰加工人员上岗许可制度。　　（二）规范饲养技术，实现畜禽生产标准化　　一是加快畜牧业技术规范和行业标准的制定和推广应用。严格按照优良畜禽品种标准和无公害畜产品生产技术规程，从环境与设施、品种与繁殖、畜禽饲养投入品管理使用等方面实行规范化饲养和标准化生产。“十一五”期间，全省重点建设60个标准化商品猪生产基地（县）、60个标准化商品禽生产基地（县）、20个标准化肉羊生产基地（县）、10个标准化肉牛生产基地（县）、10个标准化奶源生产基地（县）。　　二是加大畜牧业科技开发和技术推广力度。加快培育优质、高效、抗逆性强，具有知识产权和地方特色的畜禽新品种（系）与配套系。抓紧新饲料开发，研制安全饲料加工配制技术。推广畜禽疫病快速诊断和监测技术，完善兽药残留检测标准的制定。以适度规模养殖场和生态养殖小区为载体，将成熟技术集成配套，组织实施畜牧业“科技入户”工程，建立“科技人员直接到户，良种良法直接到圈，技术要领直接到人”的科技成果快速转化机制。　　三是努力提高畜禽良种工程的建设和管理水平。坚持引种、培育、推广相结合，做好良种的扩繁和推广工作。各地应积极研究和制定畜禽良种补贴等优惠政策，发挥畜禽育种科研单位的作用，扶持民营科研机构，继续鼓励和支持民间资本投入畜禽良种工程建设。支持有条件的龙头企业牵头组建畜禽种业集团，加快畜禽良种生产的产业化，力争把我省建成全国最大的种畜禽生产基地。　　（三）加大监控力度，实现饲养管理科学化　　一是强化对动物疫病监控。在充分发挥无规定动物疫病示范区建设作用的同时，重点抓好种畜禽场、大中型规模养殖场、畜产品加工企业的动物疫病监测和产品质量监控，建立产品安全的把关、溯源、设限和布控体系。强化适度规模场、生态养殖小区动物疫病的防控能力。建设动物防疫屏障体系，做好流通防疫监管。　　二是加强畜产品及其投入品的监管。重点落实源头治理，市场监督等措施，继续加大畜牧投入品专项整治力度，对养殖、加工、流通实行全程监测。推行《兽药生产质量管理规范》和《兽药经营质量管理规范》，加强兽药质量监管和兽药残留监控。建立畜产品质量安全监控体系，除在养殖环节加大力度外，重点加强对畜产品加工企业的技术改造和质量监控。　　三是加强对畜禽养殖和生产过程的管理。生态养殖小区和适度规模养殖场要建立科学规范、切实可行的生产经营和防疫管理体系。推行统一规划、统一防疫、统一治污、统一服务、统一销售的“五统一”管理模式。要依托当地资源，积极构建 “果园养猪”、“山地养鸡”、“稻鸭共育”等畜禽生态循环模式，促进畜禽养殖规模的扩大和生产水平的提高。　　（四）拓展服务领域，实现体系建设配套化　　一是建立多种领域、多种形式、多种功能的畜牧业服务体系。按乡镇或区域设立畜牧兽医站，人员、业务、经费等由县级兽医行政主管部门统一管理，承担动物防疫、检疫、和公益性技术推广服务职能。依托科研单位、技术推广部门、专业合作组织、加工营销龙头企业等组建畜牧业成果转化中心、创新服务中心、专家大院、专业协会、信息网络等，将良种推广、疫病防控、投入品管理等传统的服务项目与环境治理、投资管理、信息服务和市场拓展等现代服务项目有效地结合起来。拓展服务领域、扩大服务内容、充实服务形式、提高服务效能。形成服务主体多元化、服务内容多样化的畜牧业社会化服务体系。　　二是建立规范的养殖管理和质量保证体系。加强养殖业的规范化管理，提高畜产品质量，探索启动良好农业规范（GAP），良好管理规范（GMP），良好兽医规范（GVP）以及危害分析与关键点控制（HACCP）等行之有效的受理体系认证。为我省的畜产品特别是猪肉制品的外销和出口打下良好的基础。　　（五）创新组织形式，实现经营流通产业化　　一是培育壮大骨干龙头企业。按照“扶优、扶强、扶大”的原则，引导具有比较优势的行业龙头企业整合资源、资金、技术、人才等要素，逐步形成生产、加工、流通一体化的产业集团和不同层次的龙头企业群体。支持有条件的龙头企业进行股份制改造，争取上市融资，增加龙头企业的辐射力和带动力。　　二是大力发展畜产品精深加工业。围绕我省农业主导产业和重点产品，大力发展精深加工业。根据市场需求发展保鲜肉和方便肉制品。扩大加工规模，提高产品档次，打造知名品牌，增加外销出口，提高畜产品附加值和畜牧业综合效益。　　三是促进流通领域龙头企业发展壮大。坚持统筹安排，合理规划，搞好农产品市场建设。按照“谁投资、谁所有、谁收益”的原则，积极拓宽融资渠道，扶持现有综合市场和专业市场做强做大。　　四是提高农民的组织化程度。以专业合作经济组织为主要的联结纽带，把农户、规模养殖场、生态养殖小区及畜产品加工企业有效地联结起来，处理好企业和农户之间、合作社成员之间的利益关系，提升生态养殖小区、适度规模养殖场以及散养农户的技术水平和养殖效益，增强其规避疫病灾害和抵御市场风险的能力。　　（六）加大扶持力度，实现政策投入制度化　　一是解决好养殖小区和适度规模养殖场建设用地。凡是生态养殖小区和适度规模养殖场用地，一律作为农业用地。不得占有基本农田，不占或少占耕地。各地要在贯彻落实国家土地政策，盘活存量土地资源的基础上，按照种养业协调发展的原则，把发展畜禽适度规模养殖以及建设畜禽养殖小区所需的土地列入乡镇土地利用总体规划，支持农民充分利用荒山、荒坡、荒地和滩涂发展畜禽的适度规模养殖。　　二是调整省级财政畜牧专项资金结构。规范引种补助标准，重点支持对畜禽场和生态养殖小区农户的引种补贴，加快良种推广进度。　　三是支持养殖户、养殖小区和适度规模养殖场的沼气建设。畜禽粪便是很好的有机肥，也是沼气能源的最好原料，在当前耕地肥力下降、能源紧缺的情况下，开展畜禽粪便的综合利用尤其必要。财政资金和农村能源建设经费应重点支持养殖场户的沼气建设，发展农村循环经济。　　四是加大对畜牧业的扶持力度。各级财政要围绕转变畜牧业生产方式，增加对畜牧业的投入，重点支持畜禽良种工程建设、生态养殖小区建设、适度规模养殖场的圈舍改造和粪污处理以及标准化生产示范基地建设等。引导农民发展适度规模养殖，建立畜禽生态养殖小区。　　五是加大金融机构对养殖户的信贷支持。坚持和推广小额信贷，农村信用联社要支持规模饲养的发展。逐步建立和完善担保体系，龙头企业可根据国家规定成立担保公司为所带动的农户提供担保贷款，扩大基地规模，做大做强企业。　　六是在全省推广生猪养殖保险。建立畜禽养殖保险体系，对于防范和降低养殖业风险特别是推进病死家禽“四不一处理”有很好的保障作用，应搞好试点，取得经验后在全省逐步推广。推行初期，可由各市、县政府制定鼓励、支持养殖户参加生猪养殖保险的办法，促进养殖保险顺利开展。

欧洲循环水养殖技术综述Review/Overview(推荐前者) for Technology of Circulating Water Breeding in E工厂化内循环海水鱼类养殖水质净化技术Water Purification Technology for Sea Fish Breeding with Factory/Industrial(2选1) Internal R国家环境保护总局 水和废水监测分析方法（第四版） 北京：中国环境科学出版社2002State Environmental Protection AMonitoring and Analysis Methods of Water and Waste Water[M]， 4th E Beijing: China Environmental Science P 标题，各单词首字母，大写；介词、连词除外书籍类参考文献，最后出版年代不宜省略国家环境保护总局（SEPA），现改称：中华人民共和国环境保护部（Ministry of Environmental Protection of the PRC）；中国环境科学出版社（CESP），现改称：中国环境出版有限责任公司（China's Environmental Science Publishing C， L）供参

一、什么是水产生态养殖　　养鱼的朋友都知道，我们养鱼的鱼塘是一个复杂的生态系统。水面以上有阳光，空气；塘基上有陆生植物；水是有鱼、有各种水生植物、昆虫、蚤类、藻类、真菌、细菌、病毒、以及有机物和无机盐。池底有淤泥，同样也生长得上述生物及有机物和无机盐。它们之间存在着相养、相生、相帮、相克等极其复杂的关系，生态养殖就是合理利用它们之间的相生、相养、相帮、相克的关系，生产我们所需要的水产品。合理利用它们之间的关系，不管是从经济效益还是社全效益和环境效益，都能达到一个最好的结果，这就是生态养殖。　　二、什么是绿色无公害水产品　　首先，养殖基地必须经过认证，其中最主要的是大气、土壤、水质必须符合《农产品安全质量----水产品产地环境要求》国家标准和《无公害食品淡水养殖用水水质》农业部标准的要求；其次，必须按照无公害水产品的生产技术操作规程进行养殖，从苗种放养到饲料、肥料、渔药等一切投入品的使用，再到产品的捕捞、贮运、质检、包袋、上市的各个环节均需符合相关标准或规范的要求；第三，产品必须经过政府指定的权威质检机构的抽检、完全合格并颁证后方能进入市场销售。　　三、水产生态养殖有何意义　　1，环境效益：传统的养殖模式，不但用水量大，而且施用的大剂量的国家违禁药品，如硫酸铜、孔雀石绿、敌百虫、呋喃类药等，随着大量换水，对坏境造成很大的破坏。同时对于鱼塘底质也造成难以估量的损害，使鱼塘生态环境遭到极大的破坏，恶性病源微生物大量增殖。生产的水产品通过食物链的扩散，不但对人的健康造成了损害，对环境的破环也是巨大的。　　2，社会效益：随着人民生活水平的提高，人们环保意思的加强，人们更加注重食品安全性，加上我国加入WTO，水产品要进入国际市场，必须达到别国的食品安全标准，因此，为了国人的身体健康，和中国水产品出口的高额利润，必须执行生态养殖。　　3，经济效益：传统的养殖模式，已经造成了鱼池微生物菌群严重失衡，病原微生物巨增，抗药性增强，养鱼户不得不加大药物用量，结果鱼病治不好，鱼体受伤，产量锐减，品质下降，成本增加，泛塘事件屡屡发生。这就是我们大通湖及周边地区常规鱼养殖户放弃养鱼，鱼塘种棉花怪现像发生的主要原因。湖北养鱼户率先应用了微生物制剂生态养殖法，已产生了可喜的成绩，他们生产的草鱼以低于我地每公斤1元的绝对优势，占领着湖南岳阳鲜鱼市场和其它湖南部份鲜鱼市场。在黄鳝养殖上也是用药泡着，隔三差五施药，严重影响了黄鳝的生长和产品品质，使养殖成本居高不下。更有甚者，越冬黄鳝成箱成箱的死亡，给我们不施执生态养殖敲响了警钟。我们养殖户必须改变生产观念！走出传统养殖模式的怪圈。　　四，倡导生态养殖的可行性　　随着我国水产科学的进步，已经为生态养殖研究出了系统的技术，制定了科学的标准，同时也研究出了适合生态养殖的高效、低残留、低剂量的水产用药，特别中成药和中药提取物，和有益微生物制剂天意EM原露，深圳希科安公司生产的动物强壮剂饲料添加剂-活力素。更是我们施执生态养殖有了足够的保障。广东的亩产草鱼过吨半的事例，同样也可以作为生态养殖的可行性的佐证。　　五、怎样实行生态养殖　　生态养殖包含的范畴很宽，它主要有如下几种。(一)人工生态环境养殖法。(二)多品种立体养殖法。(三)开放式流水或微流水养殖法。(四)全封闭循环水工厂化养殖法。(五)水产品与农作物共生互利养殖法。(六)使用微生物制剂养殖法。因为篇幅的限制，我这里不能作一一的阐述，就着重对使用微生物制剂法加以说明，如果对前五种方法感兴趣的朋友，请到我部咨询。 什么是微生物制剂养殖法：近10年来，微生物活菌制剂逐渐在水产养殖中得到应用推广，这给无公害健康养殖生产提供了有力的保障。目前较多使用的产品有光合细菌制剂，芽胞杆菌、乳酸杆菌制剂，天意EM原露等。他们能分解水体中的残饵、鱼粪等有机质，降低水中的氨氮含量，使养殖水体变清洁，从而改善了环境；他们能改善养殖对象的胃肠道内环境，增强食欲，促进生长，提高饲料报酬；他们还能强化养殖对象的免疫功能，提高免疫力，增强抗病能力；还能强化有益菌群，防止和减少细菌性疾病的发生与蔓延。　　I What is the aquatic eco-farming　　Fish friends are aware that we fish ponds is a complex The sun above the water， air; Tong have land-based plants; water is a fish， a variety of aquatic plants， insects， fleas， algae， fungi， bacteria， viruses， and organic and inorganic Mud bottom there is also growing these organisms and organic and inorganic Between them there is a phase dependent， with students such as grams of extremely complex relations， ecological farming is the rational use of their students with dependents，compared the relationship between grams， production of aquatic products we Rational use of the relations between them， whether from economic or social benefits and environmental benefits the whole， to achieve the best results， this is the eco-　　Second， what is the green pollution-free aquatic　　First of all， the breeding base to be certified， of which the most important thing is the atmosphere， soil， water quality must be consistent with "the quality safety of agricultural products ---- environmental requirements of aquatic origin，" National Institute of Standards and "pollution-free water for the water quality of freshwater aquaculture products，" the Ministry of Agriculture standards requirements; Second， pollution-free aquatic products in accordance with the rules of production technologies for breeding， from fry stocking to feed， fertilizer， Drugs， such as the use of all inputs， to fishing products， storage and transportation， quality inspection， bag listed to comply with all aspects of the relevant standards or norms; the third， the product must go through the authority designated by the Government of the sampling inspection agencies， fully qualified and licensing in order to enter the market after the 　　Third， what is the significance of aquatic eco-farming　　1， environmental benefits: the traditional mode of farming， not only large quantities of water， and the application of large doses of countries banned substances， such as copper， malachite green， trichlorfon， furans and other drugs， with a large number of the water， on the bad habitat caused great Substrate for the fish ponds at the same time also caused incalculable damage to fish ponds in the ecological environment has been greatly damaged， a large number of malignant proliferation of pathogenic micro- Produced by the proliferation of aquatic products through the food chain， not only on human health damage， environmental destruction is 　　2， social benefits: With the improvement of people's lives， it is meant to strengthen environmental protection， people pay more attention to food safety， coupled with China's accession to the WTO， aquatic products to enter the international market， other countries must meet food safety standards， therefore， To the health of the people， and China， the export of aquatic products of high profits， they must be the implementation of eco-　　3， cost-effective: the traditional mode of farming， has caused a serious imbalance in Yuchih microbial flora， pathogenic microorganisms by macrophages， enhanced resistance， the fish farmers had to increase the drug dosage， the results of fish diseases body injuries， sharp drop in output， decline in quality， cost increase has occurred frequently Tong P This is our Chase Lake and the surrounding areas of conventional fish farmers to give up fish， fish ponds is strange to produce much cotton as the main reason for the Hubei mariculturists microbial agents take the lead in the application of eco-farming method， has produced gratifying results， they produced less than I in grass carp to 1 yuan per kilogram of absolute superiority， occupied the fish market in Hunan Yueyang in Hunan Province and other parts of fresh fish In the rice field eel is also a drug culture on the bubble， andapplication， Monopterus seriously affected the growth and product quality， so that the cost of high Even worse， the winter Monopterus boxes into the death of me， to us they are no wake-up call ecological Fish farmers must change our production concept! Out of the traditional model of the cycle of 　　Fourth， promote the feasibility of eco-farming　　With the progress of China's Aquatic Sciences， has been developed for the ecological farming system technology， has developed standards for science， but also for eco-culture has developed a highly efficient and low-residue， low-dose administration of fisheries， particularly in medicine and Chinese extract， and beneficial microbial preparations reveal the original EM Providence， Shenzhenproduced tonic animal feed additives - H Shi Zhi and it is eco-farming has been adequately Guangdong's per-mu yield of grass carp have been a half tons of examples， the same can also be used as the feasibility of eco-culture of 　　Fifth， how to implement eco-farming　　Ecological farming includes a wide scope， it has the following several (A) the ecological environment of artificial breeding (B) three-dimensional multi-species breeding (C) open-water or water micro-culture (D) closed the factory farm method of circulating (V) aquatic symbiotic and mutually beneficial crop breeding (Vi) the use of microbial culture preparation Because of space limitations， I can not be here on the 11， we focus on the use of microbial preparations to illustrate this method， if the methods of the former five friends interested in， please go to the Department of advice I What is the breeding method microbial agents: the past 10 years， gradually Microorganisms in aquaculture are applied to promote the health of this culture to the pollution-free production provided strong At present， more products are used preparations of photosynthetic bacteria， Bacillus， Lactobacillus preparations， such as an act of God reveal the original EM They can break down残饵water， fish manure and other organic matter， reduce the ammonia content in water， so that culture change clean water， thereby improving the environment; they can object to improve the breeding environment of the gastrointestinal tract， enhance the appetite， promote growth and improve feed remuneration; they can strengthen the immune function of the target culture and enhance immunity， enhanced disease resistance; can strengthen the beneficial bacteria to prevent and reduce the occurrence of bacterial diseases and the