语言论文提纲范文模板

语言论文提纲范文模板

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板

所谓论文提纲，是指论文作者动笔行文前的必要准备，是论文构思谋篇的具体体现。构思谋篇是指组织设计毕业论文的篇章结构，以便论文作者可以根据论文提纲安排材料素材、对课题论文展开论证。下面我以英语教育专业毕业论文提纲为例，为大家介绍论文提纲的写法。

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板一

摘要 2-3

Abstract 3

引言 6-13

一、研究的背景 6-7

二、文献综述 7-11

(一) 国外研究状况 7-9

(二) 国内研究状况 9-11

三、研究方法 11-12

四、创新之处 12-13

第一章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论思考 13-22

一、相关概念的界定 13

二、小学高年级实施英语语篇整体性教学的必要性 13-14

(一) 小学高年级学生心理发展的特点 13

(二) 小学高年级英语语篇的特点 13-14

三、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论基础 14-18

(一) 心理学中的整体性原则 14-15

(二) 心理学中的认知理论 15-16

(三) 三种阅读教学模式 16-18

四、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的主要类型 18-22

(一) 对话类语篇整体性教学要素 18-19

(二) 故事类语篇整体性教学要素 19-22

第二章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂模式实施的现状调研 22-38

一、调研设计 22-23

(一) 调研对象 22

(二) 调研方法 22

(三) 调研内容 22-23

二、对小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学推进情况的调研 23-38

(一) 对语篇整体性教学实施态度的调研 23-25

(二) 对语篇整体性教学实施过程的调研 25-27

(三) 对语篇整体性教学实施效果的调研 27-34

(四)对语篇整体性教学实施困惑的调研 34-38

第三章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学调研的问题及原因分析 38-46

一、在实施语篇整体性教学过程中存在的问题 38-41

(一) 过于重视“整体”，完全放弃了 “局部”知识点学习 38-39

(二)为了体现“学生主体”，大胆放弃“教师主导” 39-40

(三)误解“阅读语篇”的意义，变成“反复朗读语篇” 40

(四)为了“整体情境”，拘泥于“单一情境” 40

(五)为了“立足语篇”，拒绝“适当有效拓展” 40-41

二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学问题产生原因的分析 41-46

第四章 优化小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的途径 46-54

一、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂实施的原则 46-51

(一) 整体理解为主,细节理解为辅 46-48

(二) 语感训练为主,语法理解为辅 48-50

(三) 思维训练为主,知识技能掌握为辅 50-51

二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的策略研究 51-54

(一) 确立明确的教学目标 51

(二) 分配合理的预习任务 51-52

(三) 关注有效的情景创设 52

(四) 把握清晰的主线设置 52

(五) 关注丰富的拓展阅读 52-54

结语 54-55

参考文献 55-59

致谢 59-60

英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板二

Idiom Translation under the Chinese and English Cultures

Class XXX Number XXX Name XXX

Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, "For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures."(Background information) This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures. Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem) This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-Chinese\Chinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject) from the angle of culture(Method) and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results); culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)

Key Words: idioms; culture; translation

论英汉文化背景下的习语翻译

摘要 :著名翻译学家奈达指出:“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，

因为词语只有在其作用的'文化背景下才有意义。”也就是说，翻译不仅与语言有关也和文化有关。习语翻译中对文化差异的研究在中国的翻译领域中仍然较弱，专门对中英习语翻译的研究还不很完善。近20年来，习语翻译大多强调语际的交流，而很少涉及文化差异。本文通过分析中英习语的文化差异，进而从文化角度研究中英习语翻译方法，并指出中英习语翻译要注意的问题:联系上下文，选择与原文风格，意思相符的翻译;文化是一种生活方式，文化在变化，出现新的习语，习语翻译要与时俱进。

关键词： 习语;文化;翻译

1. Introduction

Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression

that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, "I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. "(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)

2. A Comparison Between English and Chinese Idioms

The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms Geographical Conditions

The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.

Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of

Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping, 2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)

For example, "like a fish out of water". If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼 An odd fish 怪人 Miss the boat 错过机会

Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进

A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)

On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as "骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......". Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like "海角天涯，海枯石烂，海阔天空，海底捞针，海市蜃楼......". (Analysis)

History

The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms

Colours

Numbers

3. Methods of Idiom Translation

Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:

Literal Translation

Free Translation

Translation with Notes

Replacement with Similar Idioms

The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning

A Combination of Literal and Free Translation

4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation

5. Conclusion

One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others' feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range from society, history, psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. So, in the process of translation, translators should pay more attention to the cultural factors, in doing this, he can dig up the implicit meanings. (Conclusion of research) Only the cultural factors are concerned, translators can have a satisfactory translation. Besides, people should get acquaintances with the cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (Suggestions)

References

[*] 作者. 书名(英语的斜体). (出版地：)出版社，年份：参考内容页码 [*] 作者. 文章名(英语的斜体). 刊物名称. (出版地：)出版社，年份

[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press,2008

[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xi'an: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007

[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982

[4] Nida Eugene. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

[5] Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere. Translation, History, Culture. Shanghai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987

[6] Luo Shiping. A Research on English Idioms. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006

[7] Li Yuping. English Idioms and their Cultural Origin. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008

[8] Yin Li. English-Chinese Idioms and Folk Culture. Beijing: Bejing university Press, 2007

[9] Zhang Yajun. A Kaleidoscope of Chinese Culture. Beijing: Sinolingua, 2008\

[10] 李云(Li Yun).《新编大学翻译教程》. 北京：世界知识出版社, 2007 [11] 马爱英(Ma Aiying).《中英文化翻译》. 北京：科学出版社, 2006

在写毕业论文之前，我们最好提前列好论文提纲，汉语言论文提纲如何写，以下的汉语言论文提纲范文，具体请往下阅读：

汉语言论文提纲范文【1】

摘要：本文对新疆高校对外汉语教学法的历史和现状进行研究。历史的研究，通过访谈调查和史料整理分初创、探索、深化发展三个阶段进行深入描写。现状研究，通过访谈调查、课堂观察和调查问卷三种手段进行。

笔者结合自制的《关于新疆高校对外汉语教学发展历程及教学法应用历程的访谈》提纲，在新疆大学、新疆师范大学、新疆财经大学和新疆农业大学四所高校对6名教学负责人进行了访谈，收集了大量关于新疆高校对外汉语教学发展史和教学法应用情况的珍贵资料。

运用针对中级阶段精读课的《相关教学法在对外汉语课堂上的应用观察表》和《学生反馈意见调查问卷》，笔者对抽样的5个班级的对外汉语教师和学生进行为期2个月的观察、访问。

笔者通过研究分析，得出以下结论：新疆高校对外汉语教学法在运用中存在着三个明显不足，一是偏传统，改革创新少;二是偏封闭，交流沟通少;三是偏经验，设计安排少。结合这一结果，笔者从新疆高校对外汉语教学的实际特点出发，对教学法提出了个人改进的建议。

关键词：新疆高校 对外汉语教学法 历史 现状 建议

摘要3-4

Abstract4-7

绪论7-10

一、 选题背景及研究对象界定7-8

二、 研究目的和意义8-9

三、 研究方法、思路及主要内容9-10

(一) 研究方法9

(二) 研究思路9

(三) 主要内容9-10

第一章 关于第二语言教学法的认识10-22

第一节 教学法的定义和地位10-11

一、 定义10

二、 地位10-11

第二节 第二语言教学法的流派11-18

一、 传统派12-14

二、 改革派14-17

三、 其他教学法17-18

第三节 国内外二语教学法研究综述18-22

一、 国外二语教学法研究18-19

二、 国内二语教学法研究19-22

第二章 关于新疆高校对外汉语教学法的研究设计22-25

第一节 研究方法22-23

一、 访谈22

二、 课堂观察22-23

三、 调查问卷23

第二节 研究过程23-25

一、 前期准备阶段23-24

二、 中期撰写阶段24

三、 后期撰写及修改阶段24-25

第三章 关于新疆高校对外汉语教学法的研究结果分析25-54

第一节 访谈结果分析25-30

一、 关于新疆高校对外汉语教学发展历程的访谈25-28

二、 关于新疆高校对外汉语教学法应用历程的访谈28-30

第二节 课堂观察结果分析30-33

一、 对教师所用教学法的课堂观察30-32

二、 对学生互动情况的课堂观察32-33

第三节 调查问卷结果分析33-49

一、 被试的基本情况分析33-34

二、 基本题目分析34-38

三、 独立样本 T 检定与分析38-49

第四节 小结49-54

一、 新疆高校对外汉语教师应用教学法的特点49-52

二、 学生对教学法的反馈情况52-54

第四章 针对新疆高校对外汉语教学法的改进建议54-64

第一节 教师对教学法的改进54-59

一、 理论研究要更扎实54-57

二、 实际应用要更灵活57-58

三、 交流创新要多进行58-59

第二节 教研小组对教学法的改进59-60

第三节 教学管理者对于教学法的改进60-64

一、 加强校际校内的专业交流与合作61-62

二、 加强教学设备的更新与利用62-63

三、 加强教学分班中对学生学习目的的考察63-64

第五章 结论64-66

第一节 结论64-65

一、 教师偏向应用固定的、较为传统的教学法64

二、 教师对于教学法的学习研究少、交流学习少64

三、 学校层面应对对外汉语教学给予更多关注64-65

四、 学生的反馈很重要65

第二节 研究中的`不足65-66

注释66

参考文献66-69

附录69-78

在读期间发表论文清单78-79

致谢79

汉语言文学论文提纲模板【2】

中文摘要 3-5

Abstract 5-6

绪论 9-17

一、从诗歌到戏曲------李杨题材的文学价值 9-11

二、从情到理------明清文人选择这一题材的原因 11

三、从《彩毫记》到《天宝曲史》------李杨题材传奇选题范围 11-15

四、从个体到整体------李杨题材传奇研究方法与现状 15-17

第一章 李杨题材传奇的历史探源 17-22

第一节 李杨题材的史实记录 17-19

第二节 李杨题材的戏曲演变 19-22

第二章 明清李杨题材传奇的思想主题 22-36

第一节 明后期个人化的情感抒发 23-30

一、《彩毫记》：传达追仙求道的隐逸思想 24-27

二、《惊鸿记》：流露忍辱尊君的传统理念 27-28

三、《磨尘鉴》：宣扬忠孝节义的道德规范 28-30

第二节 清前期社会化的理性分析 30-33

一、《天宝曲史》：强调史鉴的批判主题 30-32

二、《长生殿》：突出悔情的反思主题 32-33

第三节 明末清初李杨题材传奇主题不同的原因 33-36

一、历史成为个性表达的载体 34-35

二、政治是主题走向的指向标 35-36

第三章 明清李杨题材传奇的典型人物 36-48

第一节 具有复杂性的李隆基形象 37-41

一、李隆基身份上的二重性 38-39

二、李隆基性格上的矛盾性 39-41

第二节 具有易变性的杨玉环形象 41-45

一、杨玉环形象包含多种文化冲突 41-43

二、杨玉环形象担当不同脚色的善变 43-45

第三节 具有代言性的其他人物 45-48

一、李白形象是文人性的典型 45-46

二、梅妃形象是文人性的延展 46-48

第四章 明清李杨题材传奇的审美特征 48-58

第一节 文本创作中雅丽的审美特色 49-52

一、诗情画意的独白式语言 49-51

二、形神兼备的舞台表演 51-52

第二节 园林剧演中精致的审美要求 52-58

一、规范化的演出形式 53-54

二、虚幻式的表演场面 54-58

结语 58-59

参考文献 59-63

读研期间发表的学术论文 63-64

致谢 64-65

艺术设计硕士论文提纲范文【3】

摘要 3-4

Abstract 4

绪言 7-12

(一) 研究现状 7-8

(二) 研究的意义和目的 8-10

(三) 研究内容 10-12

一、 回溯法 12-21

(一) 回溯法概念 12

(二) 案例分析 12-14

(三) 回溯法交待前史的基本特征 14-18

1、 不完全交待 14-16

2、 不连续交待 16-18

(四) 回溯法交待前史的意义 18-21

二、 插入法 21-28

(一) 插入法概念 21

(二) 案例分析 21-24

(三) 插入法交待前史的基本特征 24-26

1、 情节的非连续性 24-25

2、 舞台时空交替性 25-26

(四) 插入法交待前史的意义 26-28

三、 戏中戏法 28-35

(一) 戏中戏法概念 28

(二) 案例分析 28-31

(三) 戏中戏法交待前史的基本特征 31-33

1、 整体性插入 31-32

2、 借喻式表达 32-33

(四) 戏中戏法交待前史的意义 33-35

四、 后设法 35-43

(一) 后设法概念 35-36

(二) 案例分析 36-37

(三) 后设法交待前史的基本特征 37-41

1、 同时性 37-39

2、 后台前置 39-41

(四) 后设法交待前史的意义 41-43

五、 互文法 43-51

(一) 互文法概念 43

(二) 案例分析 43-45

(三) 互文法交待前史的基本特征 45-49

1、 重复性 45-47

2、 矛盾性 47-49

(四) 互文法交待前史的意义 49-51

结语 51-52

参考文献 52-55

攻读学位期间公开发表的论文 55-56

致谢 56-57

英语专业论文提纲范文

英语专业论文提纲怎么写呢?随着社会的发展，英语在人们生活中的比重逐渐加大，成为运用非常广泛的语言。下面是我分享的英语专业论文提纲的范文，欢迎阅读!

Idiom Translation under the Chinese and English Cultures

Class XXX Number XXX Name XXX

Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, "For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures."(Background information) This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures. Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem) This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-ChineseChinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject) from the angle of culture(Method) and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results); culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)

Key Words: idioms; culture; translation

论英汉文化背景下的习语翻译

摘要: 著名翻译学家奈达指出:“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，

因为词语只有在其作用的文化背景下才有意义。”也就是说，翻译不仅与语言有关也和文化有关。习语翻译中对文化差异的研究在中国的翻译领域中仍然较弱，专门对中英习语翻译的研究还不很完善。近20年来，习语翻译大多强调语际的'交流，而很少涉及文化差异。本文通过分析中英习语的文化差异，进而从文化角度研究中英习语翻译方法，并指出中英习语翻译要注意的问题:联系上下文，选择与原文风格，意思相符的翻译;文化是一种生活方式，文化在变化，出现新的习语，习语翻译要与时俱进。

关键词：习语;文化;翻译

1. Introduction

Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression

that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, "I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. "(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)

2. A Comparison Between English and Chinese Idioms

The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms Geographical Conditions

The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.

Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of

Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping, 2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)

For example, "like a fish out of water". If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼 An odd fish 怪人 Miss the boat 错过机会

Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进

A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)

On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as "骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......" Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like "海角天涯，海枯石烂，海阔天空，海底捞针，海市蜃楼......". (Analysis)

History

The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms

Colours

Numbers

3. Methods of Idiom Translation

Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:

Literal Translation

Free Translation

Translation with Notes

Replacement with Similar Idioms

The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning

A Combination of Literal and Free Translation

4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation

5. Conclusion

One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range from society, history, psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. So, in the process of translation, translators should pay more attention to the cultural factors, in doing this, he can dig up the implicit meanings. (Conclusion of research) Only the cultural factors are concerned, translators can have a satisfactory translation. Besides, people should get acquaintances with the cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (Suggestions)

References

[*] 作者. 书名(英语的斜体). (出版地：)出版社，年份：参考内容页码 [*] 作者. 文章名(英语的斜体). 刊物名称. (出版地：)出版社，年份

[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press,2008

[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xian: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007

[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982

[4] Nida Eugene. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

[5] Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere. Translation, History, Culture. Shanghai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987

[6] Luo Shiping. A Research on English Idioms. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006

[7] Li Yuping. English Idioms and their Cultural Origin. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008

[8] Yin Li. English-Chinese Idioms and Folk Culture. Beijing: Bejing university Press, 2007

[9] Zhang Yajun. A Kaleidoscope of Chinese Culture. Beijing: Sinolingua, 2008

[10] 李云(Li Yun).《新编大学翻译教程》. 北京：世界知识出版社, 2007 [11] 马爱英(Ma Aiying).《中英文化翻译》. 北京：科学出版社, 2006

[12] 孙致礼(Sun Zhili).《新编英汉翻译教程》. 上海：上海外语教学出版社, 2008

[13] 王宗炎(Wang Zongyan).《英汉语文问题面面观》. 北京：北京高等教育出版社, 2006

论文提纲模板英语语言学

英语专业的论文提纲模板

导语：在毕业论文的.写作过程中，指导教师一般都要求学生编写提纲。从写作程序上讲，它是作者动笔行文前的必要准备；从提纲本身来讲，它是作者构思谋篇的具体体现。下面我整理了英语专业的论文提纲模板，欢迎参考借鉴！

Chapter One Influencing Factors of Creative Treason

Background of Gone with the Wind

Author's Life and Emotional Experience

Development of the Feminist Movement

Influence of Economic Crisis

Background of the Translator

Reader's Expectations and the Ability to Accept

Chapter Two Creative Treason and Translator Style

Selection and Use of Words

Symbolthe Usage of Idioms

Symbolthe Usage of Reduplication

Structure and Modalitythe Usage of Parallel Construction

' Logic and Combination

's Device and Style

's Transition

, Slangs and Fixed Collocations

Identity

of Narrative Style

Chapter Three The Limitation of Translator Style

Chapter Four The Sociality of Creative Treason

Significance

Significance

' Effort

Conclusion

This article conclusion

Creative treason develops a new domain for literary translation. In this thesis, thebackground of main factors was taken as the entry point. Through analyzing thebackground of tiie original, translator and readers we got the result that affected byvarious factors especially different background the creative treason in literary translationis objective and inevitable. By reason of existence of creative treason, it is possible toform the unique translation style in the translation process. Based on parsing FuDonghua's version of Gone with the Wind,this study analyzes translator style from sixaspects and has proved the existence of translator style. Retoning to the ultimate purposemotivation of translation, we should affirm that the translation work which is in theframework of the original and makes recreations for the need of target readers is thehigh-quality one.

Behind two literary works are two different languages, behind two languages are twodifferent cultures,after discussing the translator style which is based on the languageexchange we should see the most fundamental factor is the cultural differences, which isone of the social significance of creative treason. Just as Escarpit states, all thetranslations are the result of creative treason. So the social significance of translation isalso creative treason V In the process of social development the role of translation can notbe replaced and the creative treason's function should be paid more attention to. For theexistence of creative treason, we can not ignore the hard work and efforts the translatorsdo,it should be folly admitted and respected.

In addition to translation activities, in the field of other social life, we can still findthe creative treason. There are some subjective factors which are mixed into theunderstanding and judgment of object,that's why different people have differentcognitions for the same thing. Therefore, in the process of recognizing the world creativetreason always exists- This can be the new point of creative treason's socialization, enrichthe connotation of the concept and extend the social significance of creative treason.

英语专业的毕业论文提纲模板2017

英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板是怎样的呢?英语专业的毕业论文提纲的目的和意义是什么呢?下面是我分享的英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板，欢迎阅读!

一、目的和意义

英语专业的毕业论文写作是完成本科教学计划、实现本科培养目标的重要阶段;是对学生的英语实践技能、英语语言知识、经贸英语知识以及其他相关学科知识、全面素质、研究与创新能力进行检验考核的重要手段;是学生学士学位资格认证的重要依据;是衡量、评估英语专业教学质量与水平的重要内容之一。

二、选题原则

毕业论文选题应从本专业培养目标的要求出发，结合学科发展的动态和研究现状，尽可能使其具有发展与创新的空间，从而有利于巩固和拓宽学生的知识面，有利于对学生进行科研能力基本训练以及独立工作能力的培养。

毕业论文属于研究性论文，讲求一定的学术性，但其要求与目的有别于刊于学术杂志的学术论文，因而为确保学生在教学计划规定的时间内，在教师指导下完成所要求的工作，选题应遵循如下基本原则：

1、选题须符合教学大纲的基本要求和人才培养的基本规格，须体现专业训练的基本内容，须与所学的专业知识相衔接。

2、选题须充分考虑学生的语言能力、知识构成和专业兴趣。

3、选题的类型应多种多样，力求有益于学生综合运用多学科的理论知识与技能，有利于培养学生独立工作的能力。

4、选题须考虑完成的工作量与所需的时间应符合教学计划的要求，内容既要有探索、钻研的余地，又要考虑完成的可能性。工作量原则上应控制在经过努力能够在规定的时间内完成规定任务的范围内，以保证教学任务的完成。

三、类型及基本要求

英语专业毕业论文依据学术性质和类型不同应符合如下要求：

1、语言及语言学研究类论文

就本科毕业论文而言，纯语言研究无论在理论知识的储备上，还是在语料的收集上都有很大难度，不宜提倡。此类论文可以在语言结构(语音、语法、词汇、语篇等)，语言运用(独特的语言现象、语言手段、语言变化等)，语言文化(文化对语言理解、使用和学习的影响等)，两种语言对比等领域进行应用性的研究。应用性研究的重点在于如何运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，做出有参考或应用价值的结论。

2、文学评论类论文

此类论文应建立在对所评述的对象，尤其是文学文本的正确理解、解读的基础上，通过具体、细致、深入的分析与研究提出令人信服的、言之成理的结论。论文的形式可以是作家论、文学思潮或流派论、断代文学史论、文学批评介绍等。文学评论可采用不同的方法进行，如社会历史学的、美学与诗学的，也可以是比较的、文化学的方法。无论哪一种方法，都要求学生运用唯物主义与历史唯物主义的学术思想，要求以中国读者的评论视角与立场，进行具有一定新意的'探讨。

3、翻译研究类论文

此类论文可以是纯理论的研究，或具体翻译技巧的研究，或翻译与文化的关系(或与其他学科的关系)的研究，也可以由学生对名家名译做对比性研究，另加对作品本身的评述，对某一翻译理论或技巧进行阐述。

4、语言教学研究类论文

此类研究属交叉学科的研究，涉及语言学、心理语言学、社会语言学、教育学及教学法等，是一个十分广泛的研究领域。其研究范围包括语言研究(教师语言及学习者语言研究)，教学方法与技巧研究，课堂教学管理策略研究，学生个体差异研究，影响教学效果的外部条件研究，教育技术的使用与开发研究，教材的分析与评估研究，测试与评估研究，素质教育与外语教学等。此类研究无论从选题，还是方法，或是研究的过程以及结论都应具有应用的意义和价值，突出对语言教学的指导意义和作用。

5、经贸方向研究类论文

此类论文可以是经济、金融、财会、国际贸易、贸易法规、现代管理学等相关领域的纯理论或实证性研究，可结合所学相关经贸及管理类课程，运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，作出有参考或应用价值的结论。

四、任务及深度要求

毕业论文的主要内容包括：选题、开题报告、论文提纲、论文撰写、论文答辩等，其具体要求遵照《南京工程学院外语系毕业论文实施方法(试行)》相关规定;论文工作与所学专业知识相关，工作量饱满，满足学生一人一题的要求。论文用英文撰写，具有一定的创新性和应用性，正文篇幅在5，000词以上，参考文献8篇(种)以上。指导教师与学生定期见面，并填写《毕业论文指导记录》。

五、考核办法

毕业论文考核及成绩评定由三部分组成：

1、根据毕业论文撰写过程中学生分析、解决问题能力的表现，论文观点的新颖性，论文结构的合理性，论文论证的逻辑性，英语表达的正确性和地道性，以及学生的工作态度，指导教师给予满分为40分的成绩评定。

2、根据毕业论文的指导思想与方案制订的科学性，论文论据的充分性，论文的创见与突破性，论文的结构、文字表达情况，评阅老师给予满分为20分的成绩评定。

3、根据学生本人对论文工作的总体介绍，毕业论文的质量，答辩中回答问题的正确程度，英语语音、语调的规范性和流畅性，答辩小组给予满分为40分的成绩评定。

六、毕业论文时间分配

序号 内 容 时间(周)

1 完成开题报告及相关参考文献的选定工作 4

2 完成论文初稿的撰写 5

3 完成论文二稿的撰写 2

4 完成论文三稿的撰写并定稿 2

5 毕业论文答辩 1

合 计 14

七、其它说明

外语系毕业论文实行“末位淘汰制”，即综合评定成绩倒数1-3名的学生论文将被判定为不合格，学生无权获得学士学位。

contents

introduction………………………………………………………………1

common historical background……………………………………1

international………………………………………………………1

national…………………………………………………………1

common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2

rebellion against conventions……………………………………2

beats in literature………………………………………………2

rockers in music circles………………………………………3

ideologies in between……………………………………………4

beatniks were fed up with their government about

the explanations of why things happened……………………4

their same destiny……………………………………………4

beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by

both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5

belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5

beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6

rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6

identical lifestyles………………………………………………6

bohemian…………………………………………………………7

beats…………………………………………………………7

rockers………………………………………………………7

madness…………………………………………………………8

the beats regarded modern american life as cruel, selfish,

and impersonal that writers and artists were being driven

to madness……………………………………………………8

rockers were mad enough to drive rockniks crazy on

rock circus spot………………………………………………9

self-indulgent……………………………………………………9

drugs…………………………………………………………9

homosexual…………………………………………………10

4. the same conduct……………………………………………………10

beats of satan and angles………………………………………10

rockers' conduct of the two sides………………………………11

conclusion………………………………………………………………13

Why should we write the thesis?

To write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.

By writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.

It is the reflection of a student’s study in college.

Whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.

How long should we prepare for writing a thesis?One year or so

What do we need when we write a thesis?

Firstly, for English major, most important of all, it is English knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.

Secondly, the way of writing is also important.

A good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.

The language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:

Wording: we prefer big word to small one;

Sentence: Long sentences are quite expectable.

How do we write a thesis? How many steps should we follow?

Generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:

1. Choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. For English major, we may apply:

2. Choose a title/Title a paper;

3. Collect materials for reference in writing;

4. Analyze the collected materials;

5. Sort out the data and arguments;

6. List references;

7. Make up an outline;

8. 1—3 drafts;

9. Proofread;

10. The last version.

What subjects may we choose to write?

English and American Literature

The Practice and Theory of Translation

English Language

English Linguistics

English Grammar

English Phonetics

English Lexicology

English Rhetoric

Language and Culture

ELT Methodology

Teaching English in Middle School

English Teaching Research and Survey

The History of… (All mentioned above)

英语毕业论文提纲模板

紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。

Acknowledgements 4-6

Contents 6-10

List of Figures 10-12

List of Tables 12-20

Abstract 20-22

摘要 23-25

Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32

Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29

Significance of the study 29-30

Organization of the study 30-31

A note on terminology 31-32

Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51

T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35

Defining coherence 32-33

T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35

T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42

T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37

T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42

T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44

The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47

Training in T/TP 47-49

Summary 49-51

Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70

Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55

Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53

Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54

Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55

Theme and thematic progression 55-70

Theme 56-62

Thematic progression 62-70

Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88

The participants and the educational context 70-73

Background of the participants and the participating school 70

The allocation of participants to the training 70-71

The sample sizes 71-72

The pilot study 72-73

The interventional procedures 73-74

The questionnaire 74-75

The training 75-80

Considerations behind the training 75-76

The training material 76-79

The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80

Data analysis 80-86

Analysis of the writing 80-86

Analysis of the questionnaire 86

Ethical considerations 86-88

Informed consent 86-87

Anonymity 87

Harm 87-88

Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115

Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100

Interpersonal Themes 100-102

Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107

Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110

Summary 110-115

Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137

Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126

Interpersonal Themes 126-129

Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131

Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132

Summary 132-137

Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155

Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147

Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139

Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142

Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145

Interpersonal Themes 145-147

Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150

Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149

Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150

Summary 150-155

Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165

Findings from closed questions 155-160

EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157

EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158

EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159

EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160

Findings from open questions 160-164

The changes that occurred 161-162

The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163

The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163

EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164

Summary 164-165

Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195

Findings with regard to research questions 165-187

Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172

Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181

Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187

Positioning the study within the literature 187-190

T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189

Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190

Implications 190-194

Pedagogical implication 190-193

Methodological implication 193-194

Limitations 194-195

Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200

Summary 195-197

Putting everything together 197-199

Suggestions for future work 199-200

Notes 200-202

References 202-214

Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215

Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217

Appendix 3: Training material 217-229

Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237

Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238

Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239

Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239

中文摘要 3-4

ABSTRACT 4

Chapter One Introduction 7-10

Motivation of the present study 7-8

Significance of this study 8

Composition of this thesis 8-10

Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19

Language production 10-14

L1 Production 10-11

L2 Production 11-12

Dimensions of language production 12-14

Theories on oral output 14-15

Skehan’s dual-model system 14

Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15

Task Repetition 15-17

Task 15-16

Task repetition 16-17

Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19

CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25

Research justification and questions 19

Hypothesis 19-20

Methods 20-25

Participants 20-21

Material 21

Research design 21-23

Measures 23-25

Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41

Results and Analysis 25-34

Quantitative analysis 25-27

Qualitative analysis 27-34

Discussion 34-41

Fluency 34-36

Complexity 36-38

Accuracy 38-39

interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41

Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44

Conclusion and implication 41-43

Limitations and recommendations 43-44

Acknowledgements 44-45

References 45-49

Appendixes 49-54

A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50

B. The same-content task 50-51

C. The different-content task 51-52

D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53

E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54

F. Sample of writing repetition task 54

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

Research Background

Significance of the Study

Research Goals and Questions

Data Collection and Methodology

Analysis Procedures

Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

Introduction to Appraisal Theory

Studies on Appraisal Theory

Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad

Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home

Studies on Personal Statements

Introduction to Personal Statement

Summary

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework

An Overview of Attitude System

Affect Resources

Judgment Resources

Social Esteem

Social Sanction

Appreciation Resources

Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation

Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation

Summary

Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies

Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study

References

Acknowledgements

语言学论文的提纲模板

论文提纲写法如下：

1、在论题观点来源这一部分，学生需要说清楚自己论文的观点是如何得到的。

2、在论文的基本观点部分，要求学生写清楚整个论文的基本观点都有哪些，这些观点必须逻辑清楚，合理。

3、在论文结构部分，学生结合自己的基本观点写清楚整个论文的结构，这是学生向指导教师说明自己如何论证观点的一个部分。

4、提纲没有字数的要求，但是学生必须保证有2、3、4这三个部分的内容，文字方面要求语言流畅，思路清晰，说清楚自己的观点。

论文提纲的分类

1、标题式提纲

这种提纲比较简单，只写出行文各段的标题。这是一个标题式的作文提纲，勇简洁的文字标出了各段的写作要点。它的特点是文字简洁、速度较快，适合于对写作内容较熟悉或时间较紧的情况。但对初学写作的人来说，很难起到指导作文的作用。

2、要点式提纲

这种提纲比较详细，它即要表明作文的中心，又要写出作文的大致内容；同时，还要交代出文章的详略。

汉语言文学论文提纲

导语：汉语言专业要求学生有较强的文字运用能力，以及广博的文、史、哲的知识基础。下面是我分享的汉语言文学的论文提纲，欢迎阅读!

汉语言文学论文提纲篇一：

东北方言常用词语的演变

最近，苏州的学者对苏州话从过去到现在的发展进行了比较全面和系统的研究。随着东北经济的发展，生活环境的不断改变，东北话也发生了变化，目前还没有学者介入这一方面的研究。

在与论文指导老师讨论有关东北方言方面的研究成果时，老师的提示给了我灵感。苏州话与普通话的语音差距较大，有的学者对苏州话语音的演变进行归纳。每一个地方方言随着时代的变迁都会发生变化，我身边的东北人由于生活的年代和环境不同，日常用语也有很大地差别。所以我对东北方言常用词语的演变进行一个比较清晰的归类。

论文结构：

目录

摘要每个地方的方言经过历史的洗礼后都会有所变化，东北方言常用词语的使用在30年代、60年代和80后都存在很大不同。一般词语的变化具体表现在：新词的产生和旧词的消亡、词义的演变。东北方言常用词语的演变也可从这几个方面归纳总结出规律。

关键词词义扩大词义缩小消失的词新生的词

一.绪论

东北方言常用词语总述。……2000字

二.词义扩大

30年代老一辈人生活中的词语我们这些80后的人仍然在用，但有很多词语的意义已经不仅仅是老一辈人口中单义的意思了，还包括了随着时代发展而注入的诸多新意。……2000字

三.词义缩小

随着生活习惯的改变，很多词由原本的多义，逐渐演变成现在的单义。……2000字

四.消失的词

事物的消失、生活环境的改变、现象的消失等都会使与之相应的词语退出历史舞台。……2000字

五.新生的词

新生的事物、新的现象很容易带来一批新生的词语。……2000字

六.演变的原因

引起词语发生演变的原因有很多。……1000字

参考文献

汉语言文学论文提纲篇二：

论文题目：唐诗中的色彩服饰词语

隋唐五代时期是汉语词汇发展的重要时期，它上承先秦两汉的古语词，同时又有大量口语词出现，而唐诗能够比较全面的反映唐代的.语言面貌汉语言文学毕业论文提纲汉语言文学毕业论文提纲。唐诗现存近五万首，除了运用古语词和口语词外，还有体现唐诗特点的诗文词。(所谓“诗文词”就是一般用于诗文的词语，在口语中不太用)而诗丈词更多体现的是词的文化意义，其中，色彩服饰词语也属于诗文词汉语言文学。因此，本文将对唐诗中的色彩服饰词语进行系统的整理、分析。在写作过程中，首先通过《全唐诗索引》查出唐诗中的色彩服饰词语，然后对这些词语进行大致的分类，再结合史料、注释对每句诗进行分析，根据词汇的意义和使用情况再分类，最后对色彩服饰词语的使用情况进行归纳。从中我们发现：唐诗中色彩服饰词语大部分指官职，用服饰的色彩表示相应的官阶，但在唐诗中却不那么严格;色彩词与“衣”字的结合能力最强，其次是“袍”、“衫”、“服”;相当一部分色彩服饰词语是使用它的借代义和比喻义;还有一些色彩服饰词表示谦称或美誉汉语言文学毕业论文提纲论文。服饰色彩已成为一种象征符号，而“色彩服饰词语”更成为一种表达感情的工具，且它们是与传统政治文化、生产力水平、民族之间社会经济交往以及宗教信仰密不可分的。

摘要3-4

ABSTRACT4-5

目录5-7

第一章绪论7-9

一、唐诗的语言学研究价值及前人研究概况7-8

二、本文写作的意义8

三、文章结构8-9

第二章唐代服制简介9-14

第三章色彩衣服词语分析14-32

赭衣14

赭袍14

紫衣14-15

紫袍15-16

朱衣16-17

朱袍17-18

朱服18

朱衫18

红衣18-19

红衫19

红袍19

绯衣19-20

绯袍20

绯衫20-21

绛衣21

绛服21-22

茜衣22

茜袍22

茜服22

茜衫22

黄衣22-23

黄衫23

绿衣23-24

绿袍24-25

绿衫25

青衣25-26

青袍26-28

青衫28-30

白衣30

白杉30-32

第四章色彩“绶”(“绂”)分析32-39

朱绶32-33

朱绂33-34

红绶34

赤绶34

赤绂34-35

青绶35

绿绶35-36

艾绶36

紫绶36-37

紫绂37

黄绶37-38

墨绶38-39

结论39-44

注释44-45

参考文献45-47

致谢47

英语语言学论文提纲

提纲，是一种概括地叙述纲目、要点的`公文。它不把全文的所有内容写出来，只把那些主要内容，提纲挈领式地写出来。以下是我为大家整理英语语言学论文提纲的相关内容，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家！

I. Introduction

Ⅱ. Euphemism

The Definition of Euphemism

The Features of Euphemism

III.,Pragmatic Failures in English Euphemism

Pragmatic Linguistic Failures

Socio-pragmatic Failures

IV.,The Reasons for the Pragmatic Failure in English Euphemism

The Reasons of Pragmatic Linguistic Failures

The Difference of the Context

The Difference of Expression Patterns

The reasons of Socio-pragmatic failures

The Difference of Customs

The Difference of Social Values

V. The Reflection of Pragmatic Failure in Euphemism

Chapter 1 Gatsby's American Dream and Its Distortion

What is the American Dream

Gatsby's American Dream in Different Phases

Chapter 2 Disillusionment of Gatsby's Distorted Dream

Gatsby's Efforts in Achieving His American Dream

Gatsby's Disillusionment

Chapter 3 New Interpretation of Gatsby's American Dream

The External Factors of the Disillusionment

The Hierarchy System

The Jazz Age

The Internal Factors of the Disillusionment

The Essential Factor of the Disillusionment

Some Hypotheses

The American Dream in the Present Age

Conclusion

This conclusion

F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is a novel that deals with American dreamto a great extent. In a relatively short novel of nine chapters, Fitzgerald tells the tragicstory of Jay Gatsby's quest for the rich and shallow Daisy. Through the first-personnarrator, Nick Carraway, the emptiness of the materialistic American dream isrevealed and the novel ultimately manifests the failure of this American dream.

The American dream concerns politics as in “The Declaration of Independence”,military affairs as in the participation of America in the World War Ⅰ， economy asabout the matter of material success, moral conventions as about spiritual goodnessand religious freedom, literature as reflected in novels, sports as in the principle“competing fairly, openly and aboveboard”, aesthetics as in the appreciation of thebeauty of happiness, and many other fields. It comes from the old colonist's time,through the Westward Expansion, the Independence War, the Civil War, two worldwars, to the present highly developed society and goes on for ever. It is a method ofcommunication in the way that success is used to show off and that the invisibleuntouchable inner virtues and abilities are to be proved to the society in the form ofvisible success. It is a history of struggle in the sense that people take efforts to makewhat is said and what is done meet. It is the emotional and psychological growth ofindividuals as well as material and spiritual growth of the nation.

The Great Gatsby not only expresses the theme of the disillusioned materialisticAmerican dream, it also constantly urged the society to seek a new cultural insightoutlet---the spiritual American dream, which undoubtedly provides a patch to mendthe already distorted and imperfect American dream culture. So the point is to find abalance between the spiritual and the material. We have experienced and willexperience a lot of adventures or frustrations in our life, we constantly face differenttemptations and moral shortcuts, sometimes we may even vacillate, but what makesus persist and keep striving is the right values and solid faiths, thus bringing usspiritual liberation and inner freedom to live a happy life. That is the power of dream.

The roaring twenties of the United States is the ideal setting for Gatsby's story,but it is only the setting. The story itself is as great as ever. To some degree, theAmerican dream in this story is sublimed to a universal sense which breaks thelimitation of time and space. So any research on the novel and its profound meaningof the American dream will never be outdated.

1 Introduction

Significance of the research

Organization of the thesis

2 Literature Review

Researches on monolingual mental lexicon

Definition of mental lexicon

Models of mental lexicon: a developing one

Research methodology of bilingual mental lexicon

Word association paradigm

Word translation task

Cross-language priming paradigm

Theories on bilingual mental lexicon

Weinreich’s three hypotheses: the ancestor of bilingual

mental lexicon models

Paivio’s bilingual dual-coding theory

Kroll & Stewart’s revised hierarchical model

De Groot’s distributed representation model

3 Extended Bilingual Distributed Representation Model

Setting and characteristic of L2 word acquisition

Psychological mechanism of L2 word acquisition

Coactivation pattern: L2 word representation manner

Simultaneous formation of semantic memory and episodic memory

Semantic restructuring in L2 vocabulary development

4 Implications for L2 Word Meaning Acquisition

Unbalanced performance on language comprehension

and production

Receptive vs. productive vocabulary: imbalance on

acquisition difficulty

Positive effect of episodic memory

Negative semantic transfer

Episodic memory: the primary cause of negative semantic transfer

Negative effect of episodic memory

Episodic memory and L2 word meaning acquisition

Applying episodic memory: when and how

Strengthening semantic memory: why and how

5 Conclusion

contents

introduction………………………………………………………………1

common historical background……………………………………1

international………………………………………………………1

national…………………………………………………………1

common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2

rebellion against conventions……………………………………2

beats in literature………………………………………………2

rockers in music circles………………………………………3

ideologies in between……………………………………………4

beatniks were fed up with their government about

the explanations of why things happened……………………4

their same destiny……………………………………………4

beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by

both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5

belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5

beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6

rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6

identical lifestyles………………………………………………6

语言学的论文提纲模板

汉语言文学论文提纲

导语：汉语言专业要求学生有较强的文字运用能力，以及广博的文、史、哲的知识基础。下面是我分享的汉语言文学的论文提纲，欢迎阅读!

汉语言文学论文提纲篇一：

东北方言常用词语的演变

最近，苏州的学者对苏州话从过去到现在的发展进行了比较全面和系统的研究。随着东北经济的发展，生活环境的不断改变，东北话也发生了变化，目前还没有学者介入这一方面的研究。

在与论文指导老师讨论有关东北方言方面的研究成果时，老师的提示给了我灵感。苏州话与普通话的语音差距较大，有的学者对苏州话语音的演变进行归纳。每一个地方方言随着时代的变迁都会发生变化，我身边的东北人由于生活的年代和环境不同，日常用语也有很大地差别。所以我对东北方言常用词语的演变进行一个比较清晰的归类。

论文结构：

目录

摘要每个地方的方言经过历史的洗礼后都会有所变化，东北方言常用词语的使用在30年代、60年代和80后都存在很大不同。一般词语的变化具体表现在：新词的产生和旧词的消亡、词义的演变。东北方言常用词语的演变也可从这几个方面归纳总结出规律。

关键词词义扩大词义缩小消失的词新生的词

一.绪论

东北方言常用词语总述。……2000字

二.词义扩大

30年代老一辈人生活中的词语我们这些80后的人仍然在用，但有很多词语的意义已经不仅仅是老一辈人口中单义的意思了，还包括了随着时代发展而注入的诸多新意。……2000字

三.词义缩小

随着生活习惯的改变，很多词由原本的多义，逐渐演变成现在的单义。……2000字

四.消失的词

事物的消失、生活环境的改变、现象的消失等都会使与之相应的词语退出历史舞台。……2000字

五.新生的词

新生的事物、新的现象很容易带来一批新生的词语。……2000字

六.演变的原因

引起词语发生演变的原因有很多。……1000字

参考文献

汉语言文学论文提纲篇二：

论文题目：唐诗中的色彩服饰词语

隋唐五代时期是汉语词汇发展的重要时期，它上承先秦两汉的古语词，同时又有大量口语词出现，而唐诗能够比较全面的反映唐代的.语言面貌汉语言文学毕业论文提纲汉语言文学毕业论文提纲。唐诗现存近五万首，除了运用古语词和口语词外，还有体现唐诗特点的诗文词。(所谓“诗文词”就是一般用于诗文的词语，在口语中不太用)而诗丈词更多体现的是词的文化意义，其中，色彩服饰词语也属于诗文词汉语言文学。因此，本文将对唐诗中的色彩服饰词语进行系统的整理、分析。在写作过程中，首先通过《全唐诗索引》查出唐诗中的色彩服饰词语，然后对这些词语进行大致的分类，再结合史料、注释对每句诗进行分析，根据词汇的意义和使用情况再分类，最后对色彩服饰词语的使用情况进行归纳。从中我们发现：唐诗中色彩服饰词语大部分指官职，用服饰的色彩表示相应的官阶，但在唐诗中却不那么严格;色彩词与“衣”字的结合能力最强，其次是“袍”、“衫”、“服”;相当一部分色彩服饰词语是使用它的借代义和比喻义;还有一些色彩服饰词表示谦称或美誉汉语言文学毕业论文提纲论文。服饰色彩已成为一种象征符号，而“色彩服饰词语”更成为一种表达感情的工具，且它们是与传统政治文化、生产力水平、民族之间社会经济交往以及宗教信仰密不可分的。

摘要3-4

ABSTRACT4-5

目录5-7

第一章绪论7-9

一、唐诗的语言学研究价值及前人研究概况7-8

二、本文写作的意义8

三、文章结构8-9

第二章唐代服制简介9-14

第三章色彩衣服词语分析14-32

赭衣14

赭袍14

紫衣14-15

紫袍15-16

朱衣16-17

朱袍17-18

朱服18

朱衫18

红衣18-19

红衫19

红袍19

绯衣19-20

绯袍20

绯衫20-21

绛衣21

绛服21-22

茜衣22

茜袍22

茜服22

茜衫22

黄衣22-23

黄衫23

绿衣23-24

绿袍24-25

绿衫25

青衣25-26

青袍26-28

青衫28-30

白衣30

白杉30-32

第四章色彩“绶”(“绂”)分析32-39

朱绶32-33

朱绂33-34

红绶34

赤绶34

赤绂34-35

青绶35

绿绶35-36

艾绶36

紫绶36-37

紫绂37

黄绶37-38

墨绶38-39

结论39-44

注释44-45

参考文献45-47

致谢47

英语专业的毕业论文提纲模板2017

英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板是怎样的呢?英语专业的毕业论文提纲的目的和意义是什么呢?下面是我分享的英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板，欢迎阅读!

一、目的和意义

英语专业的毕业论文写作是完成本科教学计划、实现本科培养目标的重要阶段;是对学生的英语实践技能、英语语言知识、经贸英语知识以及其他相关学科知识、全面素质、研究与创新能力进行检验考核的重要手段;是学生学士学位资格认证的重要依据;是衡量、评估英语专业教学质量与水平的重要内容之一。

二、选题原则

毕业论文选题应从本专业培养目标的要求出发，结合学科发展的动态和研究现状，尽可能使其具有发展与创新的空间，从而有利于巩固和拓宽学生的知识面，有利于对学生进行科研能力基本训练以及独立工作能力的培养。

毕业论文属于研究性论文，讲求一定的学术性，但其要求与目的有别于刊于学术杂志的学术论文，因而为确保学生在教学计划规定的时间内，在教师指导下完成所要求的工作，选题应遵循如下基本原则：

1、选题须符合教学大纲的基本要求和人才培养的基本规格，须体现专业训练的基本内容，须与所学的专业知识相衔接。

2、选题须充分考虑学生的语言能力、知识构成和专业兴趣。

3、选题的类型应多种多样，力求有益于学生综合运用多学科的理论知识与技能，有利于培养学生独立工作的能力。

4、选题须考虑完成的工作量与所需的时间应符合教学计划的要求，内容既要有探索、钻研的余地，又要考虑完成的可能性。工作量原则上应控制在经过努力能够在规定的时间内完成规定任务的范围内，以保证教学任务的完成。

三、类型及基本要求

英语专业毕业论文依据学术性质和类型不同应符合如下要求：

1、语言及语言学研究类论文

就本科毕业论文而言，纯语言研究无论在理论知识的储备上，还是在语料的收集上都有很大难度，不宜提倡。此类论文可以在语言结构(语音、语法、词汇、语篇等)，语言运用(独特的语言现象、语言手段、语言变化等)，语言文化(文化对语言理解、使用和学习的影响等)，两种语言对比等领域进行应用性的研究。应用性研究的重点在于如何运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，做出有参考或应用价值的结论。

2、文学评论类论文

此类论文应建立在对所评述的对象，尤其是文学文本的正确理解、解读的基础上，通过具体、细致、深入的分析与研究提出令人信服的、言之成理的结论。论文的形式可以是作家论、文学思潮或流派论、断代文学史论、文学批评介绍等。文学评论可采用不同的方法进行，如社会历史学的、美学与诗学的，也可以是比较的、文化学的方法。无论哪一种方法，都要求学生运用唯物主义与历史唯物主义的学术思想，要求以中国读者的评论视角与立场，进行具有一定新意的'探讨。

3、翻译研究类论文

此类论文可以是纯理论的研究，或具体翻译技巧的研究，或翻译与文化的关系(或与其他学科的关系)的研究，也可以由学生对名家名译做对比性研究，另加对作品本身的评述，对某一翻译理论或技巧进行阐述。

4、语言教学研究类论文

此类研究属交叉学科的研究，涉及语言学、心理语言学、社会语言学、教育学及教学法等，是一个十分广泛的研究领域。其研究范围包括语言研究(教师语言及学习者语言研究)，教学方法与技巧研究，课堂教学管理策略研究，学生个体差异研究，影响教学效果的外部条件研究，教育技术的使用与开发研究，教材的分析与评估研究，测试与评估研究，素质教育与外语教学等。此类研究无论从选题，还是方法，或是研究的过程以及结论都应具有应用的意义和价值，突出对语言教学的指导意义和作用。

5、经贸方向研究类论文

此类论文可以是经济、金融、财会、国际贸易、贸易法规、现代管理学等相关领域的纯理论或实证性研究，可结合所学相关经贸及管理类课程，运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，作出有参考或应用价值的结论。

四、任务及深度要求

毕业论文的主要内容包括：选题、开题报告、论文提纲、论文撰写、论文答辩等，其具体要求遵照《南京工程学院外语系毕业论文实施方法(试行)》相关规定;论文工作与所学专业知识相关，工作量饱满，满足学生一人一题的要求。论文用英文撰写，具有一定的创新性和应用性，正文篇幅在5，000词以上，参考文献8篇(种)以上。指导教师与学生定期见面，并填写《毕业论文指导记录》。

五、考核办法

毕业论文考核及成绩评定由三部分组成：

1、根据毕业论文撰写过程中学生分析、解决问题能力的表现，论文观点的新颖性，论文结构的合理性，论文论证的逻辑性，英语表达的正确性和地道性，以及学生的工作态度，指导教师给予满分为40分的成绩评定。

2、根据毕业论文的指导思想与方案制订的科学性，论文论据的充分性，论文的创见与突破性，论文的结构、文字表达情况，评阅老师给予满分为20分的成绩评定。

3、根据学生本人对论文工作的总体介绍，毕业论文的质量，答辩中回答问题的正确程度，英语语音、语调的规范性和流畅性，答辩小组给予满分为40分的成绩评定。

六、毕业论文时间分配

序号 内 容 时间(周)

1 完成开题报告及相关参考文献的选定工作 4

2 完成论文初稿的撰写 5

3 完成论文二稿的撰写 2

4 完成论文三稿的撰写并定稿 2

5 毕业论文答辩 1

合 计 14

七、其它说明

外语系毕业论文实行“末位淘汰制”，即综合评定成绩倒数1-3名的学生论文将被判定为不合格，学生无权获得学士学位。

contents

introduction………………………………………………………………1

common historical background……………………………………1

international………………………………………………………1

national…………………………………………………………1

common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2

rebellion against conventions……………………………………2

beats in literature………………………………………………2

rockers in music circles………………………………………3

ideologies in between……………………………………………4

beatniks were fed up with their government about

the explanations of why things happened……………………4

their same destiny……………………………………………4

beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by

both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5

belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5

beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6

rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6

identical lifestyles………………………………………………6

bohemian…………………………………………………………7

beats…………………………………………………………7

rockers………………………………………………………7

madness…………………………………………………………8

the beats regarded modern american life as cruel, selfish,

and impersonal that writers and artists were being driven

to madness……………………………………………………8

rockers were mad enough to drive rockniks crazy on

rock circus spot………………………………………………9

self-indulgent……………………………………………………9

drugs…………………………………………………………9

homosexual…………………………………………………10

4. the same conduct……………………………………………………10

beats of satan and angles………………………………………10

rockers' conduct of the two sides………………………………11

conclusion………………………………………………………………13

Why should we write the thesis?

To write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.

By writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.

It is the reflection of a student’s study in college.

Whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.

How long should we prepare for writing a thesis?One year or so

What do we need when we write a thesis?

Firstly, for English major, most important of all, it is English knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.

Secondly, the way of writing is also important.

A good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.

The language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:

Wording: we prefer big word to small one;

Sentence: Long sentences are quite expectable.

How do we write a thesis? How many steps should we follow?

Generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:

1. Choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. For English major, we may apply:

2. Choose a title/Title a paper;

3. Collect materials for reference in writing;

4. Analyze the collected materials;

5. Sort out the data and arguments;

6. List references;

7. Make up an outline;

8. 1—3 drafts;

9. Proofread;

10. The last version.

What subjects may we choose to write?

English and American Literature

The Practice and Theory of Translation

English Language

English Linguistics

English Grammar

English Phonetics

English Lexicology

English Rhetoric

Language and Culture

ELT Methodology

Teaching English in Middle School

English Teaching Research and Survey

The History of… (All mentioned above)

汉语言论文提纲模板范文图片

汉语言文学论文提纲

导语：汉语言专业要求学生有较强的文字运用能力，以及广博的文、史、哲的知识基础。下面是我分享的汉语言文学的论文提纲，欢迎阅读!

汉语言文学论文提纲篇一：

东北方言常用词语的演变

最近，苏州的学者对苏州话从过去到现在的发展进行了比较全面和系统的研究。随着东北经济的发展，生活环境的不断改变，东北话也发生了变化，目前还没有学者介入这一方面的研究。

在与论文指导老师讨论有关东北方言方面的研究成果时，老师的提示给了我灵感。苏州话与普通话的语音差距较大，有的学者对苏州话语音的演变进行归纳。每一个地方方言随着时代的变迁都会发生变化，我身边的东北人由于生活的年代和环境不同，日常用语也有很大地差别。所以我对东北方言常用词语的演变进行一个比较清晰的归类。

论文结构：

目录

摘要每个地方的方言经过历史的洗礼后都会有所变化，东北方言常用词语的使用在30年代、60年代和80后都存在很大不同。一般词语的变化具体表现在：新词的产生和旧词的消亡、词义的演变。东北方言常用词语的演变也可从这几个方面归纳总结出规律。

关键词词义扩大词义缩小消失的词新生的词

一.绪论

东北方言常用词语总述。……2000字

二.词义扩大

30年代老一辈人生活中的词语我们这些80后的人仍然在用，但有很多词语的意义已经不仅仅是老一辈人口中单义的意思了，还包括了随着时代发展而注入的诸多新意。……2000字

三.词义缩小

随着生活习惯的改变，很多词由原本的多义，逐渐演变成现在的单义。……2000字

四.消失的词

事物的消失、生活环境的改变、现象的消失等都会使与之相应的词语退出历史舞台。……2000字

五.新生的词

新生的事物、新的现象很容易带来一批新生的词语。……2000字

六.演变的原因

引起词语发生演变的原因有很多。……1000字

参考文献

汉语言文学论文提纲篇二：

论文题目：唐诗中的色彩服饰词语

隋唐五代时期是汉语词汇发展的重要时期，它上承先秦两汉的古语词，同时又有大量口语词出现，而唐诗能够比较全面的反映唐代的.语言面貌汉语言文学毕业论文提纲汉语言文学毕业论文提纲。唐诗现存近五万首，除了运用古语词和口语词外，还有体现唐诗特点的诗文词。(所谓“诗文词”就是一般用于诗文的词语，在口语中不太用)而诗丈词更多体现的是词的文化意义，其中，色彩服饰词语也属于诗文词汉语言文学。因此，本文将对唐诗中的色彩服饰词语进行系统的整理、分析。在写作过程中，首先通过《全唐诗索引》查出唐诗中的色彩服饰词语，然后对这些词语进行大致的分类，再结合史料、注释对每句诗进行分析，根据词汇的意义和使用情况再分类，最后对色彩服饰词语的使用情况进行归纳。从中我们发现：唐诗中色彩服饰词语大部分指官职，用服饰的色彩表示相应的官阶，但在唐诗中却不那么严格;色彩词与“衣”字的结合能力最强，其次是“袍”、“衫”、“服”;相当一部分色彩服饰词语是使用它的借代义和比喻义;还有一些色彩服饰词表示谦称或美誉汉语言文学毕业论文提纲论文。服饰色彩已成为一种象征符号，而“色彩服饰词语”更成为一种表达感情的工具，且它们是与传统政治文化、生产力水平、民族之间社会经济交往以及宗教信仰密不可分的。

摘要3-4

ABSTRACT4-5

目录5-7

第一章绪论7-9

一、唐诗的语言学研究价值及前人研究概况7-8

二、本文写作的意义8

三、文章结构8-9

第二章唐代服制简介9-14

第三章色彩衣服词语分析14-32

赭衣14

赭袍14

紫衣14-15

紫袍15-16

朱衣16-17

朱袍17-18

朱服18

朱衫18

红衣18-19

红衫19

红袍19

绯衣19-20

绯袍20

绯衫20-21

绛衣21

绛服21-22

茜衣22

茜袍22

茜服22

茜衫22

黄衣22-23

黄衫23

绿衣23-24

绿袍24-25

绿衫25

青衣25-26

青袍26-28

青衫28-30

白衣30

白杉30-32

第四章色彩“绶”(“绂”)分析32-39

朱绶32-33

朱绂33-34

红绶34

赤绶34

赤绂34-35

青绶35

绿绶35-36

艾绶36

紫绶36-37

紫绂37

黄绶37-38

墨绶38-39

结论39-44

注释44-45

参考文献45-47

致谢47

可  以采用某些网站上的格式模板，保存下来

然后就可 以直 接填写内容了

汉语言文学的毕业论文提纲

导语：通过沈从文小说《边城》来描述了湘西淳朴自然的乡土民情，表现了一种自然而又不悖乎人性的生命形式，抒发了作者对纯真人性的赞美和眷念。下面是我整理的汉语言文学毕业论文提纲，仅供大家参考！

1.沈从文小说的文化内涵

两个世界

湘西情味

风俗的美

人情美

2.《边城》中的.自然人性文化

人性和谐的体现

充满“善”意的悲悯

爱情之“悲”

人性之“悲”

3.“希腊小庙”与“城市化现代化”

“现代化”与“城市”的歧路

“人性”——“希腊小庙”的供奉

4.结语

主要参考资料：

[1]赵海燕·都市人生与湘西世界的对立互参[J]·佳木斯大学社会科学学报·2006,24(6)：56～57

[2]沈从文.《沈从文精选集》[M].北京：燕山出版社，

[3]]爱德华W萨义德(美)[M].《东方学 》.王宇根译.上海：三联书店，

[4]旷新年.《解读沈从文经典》[M].石家庄：花山文艺出版社，

[5]沈从文.《大山里的人生》[M].湖南：文艺出版社，

[6]沈从文.《沈从文经典作品选边城传奇不奇》[M].北京：当代世界出版社，

[7]彭晓勇.《边城圣手——沈从文》[M].北京：中国青年出版社.1994

[8]金介尃.《沈从文笔下的中国社会文化》[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社，1994

[9]龙迎春.《走进沈从文的家乡品读湘西》[M].广东：广东旅游出版社，2003

[10]邵华强.《沈从文研究资料》[M].北京：知识产权出版社 2002

[11]巴金、黄永玉.《长河不尽流：怀念沈从文先生》[M].湖南：湖南文艺出版社

[12]吴立昌.《沈从文作品-欣赏》[M].广西：广西教育出版社，1988

[13]吉首大学沈从文研究室.《沈从文研究第一辑》[M].湖南：湖南大学出版社，1988

[14]凌宇.《沈从文传：生命之火长明》[M].北京：北京十月文艺版社，1988

[15]沈从文.《沈从文选集第五卷》[M].四川：四川人民出版社，1983

[16]高扬·论沈从文小说的湘西民俗文化内涵[J]·固原师专学报·1998,67(5)：41～75

[17]杨芳芳.《沈从文作品精选阿黑小史》[M].长江文艺出版社，

[18]沈从文.《沈从文别集萧萧集》[M].南京：江苏教育出版社，2005

[19]田中阳.《湖湘文化精神与二十世纪湖南文学》[M].长沙：岳麓书社，2000

[20]谭其骧.中国年内地移民史湖南篇[A]长水集[M].北京：人民出版社，1987

[21]沈从文.《边城长河》[M].天津:天津人民出版社，

[22]凌宇.《沈从文正传》[M]南京:江苏文艺出版社，2010,.1