措施类英语议论文模板

措施类英语议论文模板

一，议论文的格式：

议论文的格式应由三个部分组成：

2.论证部分。

3.结论部分。

二，一般说来，议论文可分三个基本段落来写：

1.第一段引出话题，

2.第二段立论且加以论证，

3.第三段给出明确的结论。

第二段是中心段落，应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中，同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性，且应尽量做到首尾呼应，切忌前后矛盾。

三，写作攻略：

初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明，叙述，描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头，主体和结尾。

四，一般写作步骤如下：

1.确定主题，引出论点。

2.通过摆事实，讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实，原因，理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起。

3.得出结论。要简明扼要，回扣全文。

扩展资料：

1.模板范文

Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad。

But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view。I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well。First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English。

Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English。If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English。Most important of all, you can learn something more widely。

All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well。 And I hope that all the students can use English freely。

参考资料：百度百科——英语作文

一、正反观点式议论文万能句（对比观点型）作文框架模版给出观点——正反观点二选一（有的人认为，有的人认为，你的观点）There is a widespread concern over the issue that________（作文题目）But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. (开头一般题目给出)The majority think that________（观点一）. First of all,________（原因一）.Furthermore, ________（原因二）. So it goes without saying that________（观点一）.People,however,differ in their opinions on this people hold the view that________（观点二）. On the one hand，________（原因一）. On the other hand,________（原因二）. Therefore, there is no doubt that ________（观点二）As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that观点一或二.It is not only because ________(原因一), but also because ________.（原因二）It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way eventually can we ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：有一个广泛引起关注的问题________。但众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。绝大多数人认为________。首先，________。而且，________。因此不言而喻________。然而在这个话题上人们的观点各不相同。有的人持有的观点是________。一方面，________。另一方面，________。因此，毫无疑问________。就我而言，我强烈支持________的观点。不仅因为________，还因为________。该是________的时候了。只有这样我们最终才能________。二、“A或者B”类议论文万能句：（说明利弊型）作文框架模版：说明某一事物的优缺点及自己的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First of all ,________(A的优点之一).Moreover,________（A的优点之二）.Besides ,________(A的优点之三)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse, ________(A的第二个缺点)．Through above analyses, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to________ (我的看法)．或者(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测)．模版译文：现如今很多人更喜欢A,因为它在我们生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。总的来说。他的优点如下。首先________。而且，________。除此之外，________。但凡事都有利有弊，消极的一面也是很明显的。最重要的缺点是________。更糟糕的是________通过以上分析，我认为积极的一面胜过消极的一面。因此，我更喜欢________。三、观点论述类议论文万能句：（现象说明型）作文框架模版现象说明型：说明某一现象及其产生的原因和自己的看法Nowadays, there are more and more ________ (某种现象) in ________ (某种场合). It is estimated that________ (相关数据). Why have there been so many ________ (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, ________ (原因一). Besides, (原因二). Last but not least, ________ (原因三).Personally, the main cause of ________ (某种现象) is due to ________ (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,________ (解决办法一). For another, ________ (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the amount of ________ (某种现象).模版译文：现如今在________(某种场合) 有越来越多的________。(某种现象) 据统计，________。为神马有如此多的________?也许原因如下。首先，________。除此之外，________。最后但同样重要的是，________。我认为，引起________的主要原因是________。该是时候采取些措施了。一方面，________。另一方面，________。所有这些措施都将会解决________。阐述主题型：要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．四、"How to"类议论文万能句：（问题解决型）作文框架模版模版①要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face a problem________A, which , surprisingly , is becoming more and more serious. First of all, ________(说明A的现状)．Secondly, ________(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing,________(解决方法一). For another, ________(解决方法二). Finally, ________解决方法三).Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的好处).模版译文：现如今我们不得不面对一个问题________A，这个问题正变得越来越严重。首先，________。其次，________。面对A，我们应该采取一系列的措施来解决这个处境。一方面，________。另一方面，________。最后，________。就我而言，我认为________。因此，我相信一个崭新的未来正在等待着我们，因为________。图表作文写作万能句（图表分析型）（常给出折线图、饼状图、条形、扇形等统计图）描写图表变化趋势的词：（建议使用斜体加横线的词，个人认为比较形象）上升：increase / rise / go up / rocket（迅速增加） 下降：decrease / reduce / come down/ decline快：quickly / rapidly / sharply / dramatically 慢：slowly / gradually作文框架模版As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentagein the table (graph/ picture /pie /chart ), ________(作文的议题)has been on rise (increases /drops /decreases ), significantly /dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_％ in _年_ to _％_ in _年_. From the sharp /marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that________(现象总结)There are at least two good reasons accounting for________(总结的现象). On the one hand, ____. On the other hand, ________ is duetothefactthat ________. In addition, __ is responsible for ________.(Maybe there are some other reasons to show it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. )As far as I am concerned,I hold the view that _______. It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way can ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：正如图表所展示的那样，________一直在增长。从图表中飞速的增长，不言而喻________。至少有两个原因来解释________。一方面，________。另一方面，________是因为________.除此之外,________是________的原由.就我而言,我持有________的观点.该是________的时候了.只有这样我们最终才能________。

写作准备：

1、熟悉写作要求。首先建议买本带讲解的真题作文集，浏览范文。熟悉常考话题、惯常写法、用词用句组段的特点。另外，结合官方评分标准，熟悉作文的各个得分档次，为以后自评自改作文做个铺垫。

2、积累写作素材。准备个笔记本，通读细读范文来积累常用词汇及替换词、词伙、句型、语法、话题、观点、案例、甚至写作样本等素材。

除过阅读真题作文集，还注意在平时的阅读和听力训练中收集话题写作相关素材。我个人喜欢的一档电台节目是中国国际广播电台（CRI）的“圆桌会议（Round Table）”，里面有当下非常接地气的话题讨论，比如拼车、快递、青少年犯罪等。

另外，TED演讲里也有非常好的原创观点，话题涉及教育、文化、科技、社会等不同领域。看演讲不但可以开拓视野，锻炼思考能力，有兴趣的话也可以研究其演讲词的写作技巧，对写作能力的提高也大有裨益。

3、打好写作基本功。英文底子不够扎实的同学可以从历年优秀范文中选取若干篇进行翻译-回译、背诵-默写等练习，在语法书、词典、写作老师的帮助下，锻炼遣词造句的能力。

组词造句这一关过了之后，就可以研究写作技巧了。写作技巧包括如何开头、如何展开话题、如何结束作文、如何让文章更有说服力等方面。写作技巧可以参照作文书里的技巧介绍，也可以自己通过分析范文来研究总结。

4、玩中写（可选）。应试作文写作模式比较单一，常常被同学戏谑为“八股文”，练习一段时间一般会产生厌倦感。这时候可以结合自己的兴趣，选择非常喜欢的看图说话类、故事类、时尚类、抒情类好句好文进行仿写、改写、续写、扩写、缩写、口头写等练习；

也可以任意发挥进行自由写、创意写、记日记，这些看似“无用”的练习都可以提升写作兴趣和写作基础。综合使用各种练习方法，可以全面提升写作和口语表达水平。写作水平提高了，口语也无疑会有长足的进步。

写作格式：

1、审题：拿到题目后先读题，标出关键信息。这一步注意弄清题意，知道通过写作要解决什么问题。

2、明确立场：作为当代大学生，需要以国际化的视野，科学、批判性地看待问题和分析问题。因此，注意我们的观点最好符合社会发展的大趋势，同时又能辩证地分析大趋势下的部分逆流并加以诊断性分析。

3、头脑风暴收集素材、并简单分类：这一步把自己的话题观点、案例、相关词汇等列出来，备忘。基于读题信息和收集的素材，形成论点，根据题意选择适当的素材，形成一个两百多字能说清楚的论点。

4、打好框架：一般来讲，250字儿的作文可以分为四至五段。第一段先给出论点，主体段结合审题阶段的观点类素材进行分类，草拟出每段的主题句（可以是短语），即分论点。然后把细节、事实、案例等素材与主题句对应，以便进行解释、举例、或补充。最后一段可以是对论点的情境化深入，也可以是分论点的整体性解析。

5、修改：写完后，用官方评分标准来分析自己的作文，给自己评分。然后与范文对比优缺点，再修订或重写。经得起推敲的好文是一遍遍修改出来的。

扩展资料：

英语议论文的注意事项：要坚持积累和训练，要写就写得整齐。应试中短文写作部分通常叫essay writing，其实只是要求考生表达对某事的立场或观点加之简要的分析和解释而已，因此除非有明确要求，通常不需要写题目。因为在国外所谓有题目的essay要正式的多，通常为上千字到几千字，有些甚至包括文献综述及分析。

如果要求写题目，那也是为了提醒考生在写作过程中时刻保持focus不至于跑题。作文题目一般有名字短语（如My View on Learning with APPs）、问句(如Is Learning with APPs a Good thing?)等形式。

其实质上是对审题阶段所提问题discussion question的陈述或回答，而正文其实就是对问题的分析和解答。 如果正文不能回答题目中蕴含的问题，那就是“文不对题”了。

一、引出开头1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）二、表达不同观点1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Sparenoeffortto+V（不遗余力的）五、预示后果1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……）5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）七、给出原因1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...） 2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……3;It is obvious that……很显然……4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……九、表示好处和坏处1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处十、表示重要、方便、可能1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难十二、显示变化1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%十三、表明事实现状1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested （与...息息相关）十四、进行比较1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英语谚语1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里7：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老10:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人

原因类议论文英语模板

英语四级分析原因类作文模板（精选5篇）

分析原因就要有一定的道理依据，以下是我整理的英语四级分析原因类作文模板，欢迎参考阅读！

_________ is currently becoming a serve problem in China, which happen to ________. So long as ________, ___________ will always unsurprisingly ________.

Why does ________ become so rampant? First and foremost,__________. Secondly,_________. Last but not least, ________. As a consequence,___________.

During the last decade, there has been a steady rise in the number of _________. In detail,________.

Three reasons, in my mind, account for this social phenomenon. First and foremost,__________. Moreover,_________. In addition,___________. As a result,__________.

Personally, I firmly believe that the problem derives from __________. Thus, if the government make relevant policies and take relevant measure to __________, the problem can be readily solved in __________.

Nowadays,_________ is/are doing great harm to ___________.

What are the incentives that drive people to _________? The most important factors should be __________. Furthermore,________. It directly leads to the patent and salient harmfulness that ________.

Consequently, it is high time that the whole society should contribute to the collective efforts to put an end to ________.

The environment is everything around us,for example,air,water,animals,plants,buildings and so all affect us in many ways and closely related to our can't live without the environment. Everybody needs to breathe air,drink water and eat food every burn coal to keep warm,and we use wood to make a result,we become the part of the environment. The environment has been getting wores and wores for many have been upgrading our living standard, meanwhile the environment has been form factory chimneys pollutesthe and engines make noises that annoy us are homeless because the forcests are decreasing every are crowded with people and environment painful for us to live in it it's time to solve those problems.

Fortunately,it isn't too late to correct our are coming to realiza the importance of the have begun to try our best to improve are being made dealing with air, water and noise river be bright,the sky will be clear,the flowers will be beautiful,and the sunbeam will be dazzling and believe that we wil be able to save our environment and live in a better world

环境围绕我们身边，例如：空气、水、动物、建筑等。它们从各个方面影响着我们的生活，与我们的生活密切相关，人们离开环境就无法生存。每人每天都要呼吸、喝水和吃东西。我们少煤取暖、用木材造纸。结果，我们也成为环境的一部分。

很多年以来，环境日益恶化。我们在提高生活水平的'同时，也在导致环境污染。从工厂烟囱里冒出来的烟污染空气；机器和引擎经常发出恼人的噪音。因为森林每分钟都在减少，使动物们无家可归。街道上挤满了人和车辆。环境在我们的生活中是最重要的，但是现在它已经让人们讨厌。所以，该是解决这些问题的时候了。

幸运的是，现在改正错误还不晚。人们意识到环境的重要性。我们已经开始尽力改善环境。法律也开始涉及到空气、水和噪音等问题。将来，河流会更清澈，天空会更晴朗，花朵会更鲜艳，阳光会更灿烂、更温暖。保护环境会使我们生活在一个更加美好的世界中。

In recent years, more and more left-behind children have been brought into the public and aroused more and morepeople’s children are left in their hometown in the countryside and one or two of their parents are goingout to earn money are called “left-behind children”.

So why are there somany left-behind children in our country now?

First,the fast development ofbig cities is a main fast-developed cities provide more chance of employment and higher-salary jobs appeal to a lot of migrant pursuit of a better life is another farmers or the workers in the countryside would like to lead a better life and create a better condition for their consider that going out to earn more money is easier to satisfy their children’s increase of population in countryside also account for the reason. With the increase of population, peoplein the countryside can not get enough land to work and support their family. Therefore,those younger people have to go out to find other ways to make their living.

In a word,the occurrence of left-behind children is not caused by a single of us know that children shouldnot be separated with their parents for a long time,but we also need to takeother factors into consideration so that we can understand the real purpose ofour parents’ choice.

写英语议论文时，有么有万能的写作模板可以套用?下面是我给大家整理的议论文英语作文模板，供大家参阅!

导入：

第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.

正文：

第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论：

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题

正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)

结论：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题

As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对) The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下)

正文：

第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)

结论：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总-分-总"结构)

导入：

第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)

正文：

第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) The reasons are listed as follows. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)

Here are the reasons. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)

结论：

第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点) オ

Dear Editor:

[引出话题] I’m a senior three student. I’m writing to tell you my opinion on whethermiddle school students can go to school with mobile phones. [赞成]I think they can do that. Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are. Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.

[反对] However, every coin has 2 sides. There are some problems with using mobile phones. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the classroom. Another students is that some students can spend too much time and money on phone calls and sending messages.

[个人观点] In conclusion, I suggest students not use phones in the classroom. Also, as it is expensive, the owner should take good care of it.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

英语议论文模板英语

由于英语作文考查的是学生词汇、语法、句式等各种知识的掌握情况,因此学生要写好英语作文,就必须全面掌握英语知识。下面，是我为你整理的高中英语作文议论文模板，希望对你有帮助!

第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题)

Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文：

第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)

Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)

Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论：

第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)

第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文：

第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is

that...(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论：

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ 3.观点论述类议论文模板： 导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下) 正文：

第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构)

4."How to"类议论文模板：

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下) 正文：

第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构) 4."How to"类议论文模板：

导入：

第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论：

第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

英语作文是可以提前积累一些模板的，在考试的时候套用这些句型，可以提高写作速度，也可以确保句式的准确性。下面是英语议论文的万能模板及范文，速看！

英语议论文写作模板一

recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. there are two major arguments that can be made for_________. for one thing， __________can bring ____ to_____________(优点 一 )。 for another， it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二)。

but we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________， among which are ____________(列举缺点)。 for instance， it can be __________to _____________(举例说明)。 in addition， many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)

when asked to __________， i tend to ____________. this is because i _______________(原因 一 )。 furthermore， _______________________(原因二)。 finally， ______________(原因三)。

英语议论文写作模板二

the effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.

first ， __________________(影响 一 )。 more importantly， ________________(影响二)。 hence， i believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ nevertheless， i do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)

there are numerous reasons why ____， and i would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. the first is that the more(比较级)_____， the more (比较级)。 in addition， we all agree that________________________(第二个原因)

In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon?

近几年，大学生发觉找工作越来越难了。这听起来很奇怪，因为年轻的大学生通常是聪明的，受过良好教育，上进和渴望他们的才华得到充分发挥的。那么，是什么引起这一奇怪现象呢？

There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs.

有很多原因可以解释。首先，现在大学生的要求太高了。他们想要的是能提供较好的薪酬，舒适的工作环境，较高的社会地位的好工作。结果，大部分的大学生都不愿意接受他们认为不够好的空缺职位。另一个原因是一些学生在校学习的专业和空缺职位的需求有很大的差距。所以企业认为有些学生不适合那些工作。

Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-to–earth in building up their career. Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.

解决这一问题需要社会和学生的共同努力。企业应该看重学生，才能以及知识，而学生不应该只着眼于物质利益。他们应该脚踏实地的建立自己的职业生涯。另外，他们应该面对他们的弱点从而提高自己，使自己更有能力。

对于中考生来说，英语作文想要得高分，就要在平时多积累一些素材。下面整理了英语议论文作文模板，供大家参考。

Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)

Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)

However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)

Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)

There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ...毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。

Obviously,.... If we want to do something... , it is essential that...显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是……

Only in this way can we... 只有这样,我们才能...

is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）

the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）

lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）

the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）

may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）

一、正反观点式议论文万能句（对比观点型）作文框架模版给出观点——正反观点二选一（有的人认为，有的人认为，你的观点）There is a widespread concern over the issue that________（作文题目）But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. (开头一般题目给出)The majority think that________（观点一）. First of all,________（原因一）.Furthermore, ________（原因二）. So it goes without saying that________（观点一）.People,however,differ in their opinions on this people hold the view that________（观点二）. On the one hand，________（原因一）. On the other hand,________（原因二）. Therefore, there is no doubt that ________（观点二）As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that观点一或二.It is not only because ________(原因一), but also because ________.（原因二）It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way eventually can we ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：有一个广泛引起关注的问题________。但众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。绝大多数人认为________。首先，________。而且，________。因此不言而喻________。然而在这个话题上人们的观点各不相同。有的人持有的观点是________。一方面，________。另一方面，________。因此，毫无疑问________。就我而言，我强烈支持________的观点。不仅因为________，还因为________。该是________的时候了。只有这样我们最终才能________。二、“A或者B”类议论文万能句：（说明利弊型）作文框架模版：说明某一事物的优缺点及自己的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First of all ,________(A的优点之一).Moreover,________（A的优点之二）.Besides ,________(A的优点之三)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse, ________(A的第二个缺点)．Through above analyses, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to________ (我的看法)．或者(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测)．模版译文：现如今很多人更喜欢A,因为它在我们生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。总的来说。他的优点如下。首先________。而且，________。除此之外，________。但凡事都有利有弊，消极的一面也是很明显的。最重要的缺点是________。更糟糕的是________通过以上分析，我认为积极的一面胜过消极的一面。因此，我更喜欢________。三、观点论述类议论文万能句：（现象说明型）作文框架模版现象说明型：说明某一现象及其产生的原因和自己的看法Nowadays, there are more and more ________ (某种现象) in ________ (某种场合). It is estimated that________ (相关数据). Why have there been so many ________ (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, ________ (原因一). Besides, (原因二). Last but not least, ________ (原因三).Personally, the main cause of ________ (某种现象) is due to ________ (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,________ (解决办法一). For another, ________ (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the amount of ________ (某种现象).模版译文：现如今在________(某种场合) 有越来越多的________。(某种现象) 据统计，________。为神马有如此多的________?也许原因如下。首先，________。除此之外，________。最后但同样重要的是，________。我认为，引起________的主要原因是________。该是时候采取些措施了。一方面，________。另一方面，________。所有这些措施都将会解决________。阐述主题型：要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．四、"How to"类议论文万能句：（问题解决型）作文框架模版模版①要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face a problem________A, which , surprisingly , is becoming more and more serious. First of all, ________(说明A的现状)．Secondly, ________(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing,________(解决方法一). For another, ________(解决方法二). Finally, ________解决方法三).Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的好处).模版译文：现如今我们不得不面对一个问题________A，这个问题正变得越来越严重。首先，________。其次，________。面对A，我们应该采取一系列的措施来解决这个处境。一方面，________。另一方面，________。最后，________。就我而言，我认为________。因此，我相信一个崭新的未来正在等待着我们，因为________。图表作文写作万能句（图表分析型）（常给出折线图、饼状图、条形、扇形等统计图）描写图表变化趋势的词：（建议使用斜体加横线的词，个人认为比较形象）上升：increase / rise / go up / rocket（迅速增加） 下降：decrease / reduce / come down/ decline快：quickly / rapidly / sharply / dramatically 慢：slowly / gradually作文框架模版As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentagein the table (graph/ picture /pie /chart ), ________(作文的议题)has been on rise (increases /drops /decreases ), significantly /dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_％ in _年_ to _％_ in _年_. From the sharp /marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that________(现象总结)There are at least two good reasons accounting for________(总结的现象). On the one hand, ____. On the other hand, ________ is duetothefactthat ________. In addition, __ is responsible for ________.(Maybe there are some other reasons to show it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. )As far as I am concerned,I hold the view that _______. It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way can ________（支持这一观点的结果）模版译文：正如图表所展示的那样，________一直在增长。从图表中飞速的增长，不言而喻________。至少有两个原因来解释________。一方面，________。另一方面，________是因为________.除此之外,________是________的原由.就我而言,我持有________的观点.该是________的时候了.只有这样我们最终才能________。

原因类议论文英语四级模板

 prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide thematter/situation to the best advantage， it is necessary/important to……(可用于分析建议类、原因分析类等议论文)

 the face of......some people take the position that……/some people come tobelieve that……， to which I can't attach/add my consent.(可用于批驳分析类议论文)

In the face of......people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/positions/standpoints.(可用于各抒己见类议论文)

In the face of……many people have come up with……(可用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文等)

 many people feel puzzled about/perplexed at/over whelmed with……(the changes/situation)， so this essay is intended to……(可用于批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)

 lots of people follow the fashion/trend， I still set my heart on……(可用于理由陈述类议论文)

 get a sense of how….we must turn first to causes for it/to whatbenefit(harm/problems/difference)it has brought to our society.(可用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)

 is a(n) favorable/unfavorable/unhealthy/essential/marked/gratefulchange/tendency/situation， but factors/causes/reasons for it are not hard tofind / but its appearance/existence derives from a variety of factors)(用于原因分析类议论文)

 progress/improvement/change(s)in….is(are)reallytremendous/remarkable/prodigious/marvelous， so it is necessary tounderstand(see)what it(they)illustrate(s)/prove(s)/account(s)for.(用于原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)

 comparison between these changes may be a good way to learn more  about……(可用于对比说明文)

 insight/inspiration/truth/thought can be deduced from these changes.(可用于知识性说明文)

 situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is rather distressing/disturbing/depressing/heart-rending， for the opposite of it is just in line with ourwishes/just what is to be expected.(可用于分析建议、批驳分析和原因分析等议论文)

 is what we are unwilling to see， so some way must be found out to……(可用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)

， however， more and more people come/begin to realize that……(可用于分析建议、对比分析和各抒己见类议论文)

， things have worsened/come/developed to the point where……(用于分析建议、原因分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和知识性说明文)

 have you ever stopped to think what/how/why……?(可用于除理由陈述之外的各种议论文和知识性说明文)

nowadays, ,,,,,,,some think,,,,,,,,however,others argue that ,,,,,,,,,,in my opinion,,,,,,,,,only in this waycan we ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

1．说明原因型模块 原因型模块1 Currently, XX has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my standpoint, I think (7). 注释: 1: XX的第一个优点2: 支持XX的做法3: 不支持XX的做法4: XX的第二个优点5: 举例证明优点二6: 说明XX优点三的影响大试 2. 原因型模块2 In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for… (2) .First of all, (3). Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, …. (5). Especially when (6). Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7). In this way, we should behave just like (8). 原因型模块3 For most of us today, (1). From above, we can find that the reasons why (2) are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is (3) .Second, (4). The third reason, actually, is (5).The significance for (6)。Therefore, (7). 注释: (1)人们针对XX的态度和举措 (2) 归纳现状 (3) 第一个原因 (4) 第二个原因 (5)第三个原因 (6) 重申造成现状的最重要原因原因型模块4 These days we often hear that (1). It is common that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3). For another, (4). What is more, since (5), it is natural that (6 ). To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. 注释: (1)提出论题(2)说明现状(3)理由一(4)理由二(5)理由三(6)理由三引起的后果(7)解决方法大学 2. 图表式作文写作模板 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of … (多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, … (第一个原因). More importantly, … (第二个原因). Most important of all, … (第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken3. 提纲式作文写作模板 1) 对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？C. 我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 2) 批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。 B． 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。大学英 3) 社会问题 (现象) 式 A．一个社会问题或者现象B． 产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D． 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E． 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. 大 4. 辩论式议论文模版 模版1: Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2: People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据 another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 大学英语四级六级考试 模版3: There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

英语四级分析原因类作文模板（精选5篇）

分析原因就要有一定的道理依据，以下是我整理的英语四级分析原因类作文模板，欢迎参考阅读！

_________ is currently becoming a serve problem in China, which happen to ________. So long as ________, ___________ will always unsurprisingly ________.

Why does ________ become so rampant? First and foremost,__________. Secondly,_________. Last but not least, ________. As a consequence,___________.

During the last decade, there has been a steady rise in the number of _________. In detail,________.

Three reasons, in my mind, account for this social phenomenon. First and foremost,__________. Moreover,_________. In addition,___________. As a result,__________.

Personally, I firmly believe that the problem derives from __________. Thus, if the government make relevant policies and take relevant measure to __________, the problem can be readily solved in __________.

Nowadays,_________ is/are doing great harm to ___________.

What are the incentives that drive people to _________? The most important factors should be __________. Furthermore,________. It directly leads to the patent and salient harmfulness that ________.

Consequently, it is high time that the whole society should contribute to the collective efforts to put an end to ________.

The environment is everything around us,for example,air,water,animals,plants,buildings and so all affect us in many ways and closely related to our can't live without the environment. Everybody needs to breathe air,drink water and eat food every burn coal to keep warm,and we use wood to make a result,we become the part of the environment. The environment has been getting wores and wores for many have been upgrading our living standard, meanwhile the environment has been form factory chimneys pollutesthe and engines make noises that annoy us are homeless because the forcests are decreasing every are crowded with people and environment painful for us to live in it it's time to solve those problems.

Fortunately,it isn't too late to correct our are coming to realiza the importance of the have begun to try our best to improve are being made dealing with air, water and noise river be bright,the sky will be clear,the flowers will be beautiful,and the sunbeam will be dazzling and believe that we wil be able to save our environment and live in a better world

环境围绕我们身边，例如：空气、水、动物、建筑等。它们从各个方面影响着我们的生活，与我们的生活密切相关，人们离开环境就无法生存。每人每天都要呼吸、喝水和吃东西。我们少煤取暖、用木材造纸。结果，我们也成为环境的一部分。

很多年以来，环境日益恶化。我们在提高生活水平的'同时，也在导致环境污染。从工厂烟囱里冒出来的烟污染空气；机器和引擎经常发出恼人的噪音。因为森林每分钟都在减少，使动物们无家可归。街道上挤满了人和车辆。环境在我们的生活中是最重要的，但是现在它已经让人们讨厌。所以，该是解决这些问题的时候了。

幸运的是，现在改正错误还不晚。人们意识到环境的重要性。我们已经开始尽力改善环境。法律也开始涉及到空气、水和噪音等问题。将来，河流会更清澈，天空会更晴朗，花朵会更鲜艳，阳光会更灿烂、更温暖。保护环境会使我们生活在一个更加美好的世界中。

In recent years, more and more left-behind children have been brought into the public and aroused more and morepeople’s children are left in their hometown in the countryside and one or two of their parents are goingout to earn money are called “left-behind children”.

So why are there somany left-behind children in our country now?

First,the fast development ofbig cities is a main fast-developed cities provide more chance of employment and higher-salary jobs appeal to a lot of migrant pursuit of a better life is another farmers or the workers in the countryside would like to lead a better life and create a better condition for their consider that going out to earn more money is easier to satisfy their children’s increase of population in countryside also account for the reason. With the increase of population, peoplein the countryside can not get enough land to work and support their family. Therefore,those younger people have to go out to find other ways to make their living.

In a word,the occurrence of left-behind children is not caused by a single of us know that children shouldnot be separated with their parents for a long time,but we also need to takeother factors into consideration so that we can understand the real purpose ofour parents’ choice.

措施研究类论文

企业控制人工成本措施研究

企业人工成本的增加不能和企业效益成正比的情况下，企业为了确保其最大限度的盈利目的，往往会采取裁员或降薪的措施。以下是我为您收集整理的企业控制人工成本措施研究论文，以供参考，欢迎借鉴阅读。

摘要： 众所周知现代企业的竞争是人才的竞争，人力资源的优势就是企业竞争中的优势。对于一个企业来说，招聘人员很重要，但对其利益、效益来说并不是用的人越多越好。人员的招入如得不到完善、有力的管理，那么不但不会增强企业的竞争力还会影响企业的人工成本核算和生产效益，使企业的利润产生损失。因此企业对人工成本的关注越来越关注，越来越重视。人工成本是企业生产成本的重点和关键，控制好人工成本就是企业的效益和竞争力的提升。本文从不同方面论述了现代企业人工成本控制的误区以及人工成本控制的方案，希望企业能够走出用人误区，强化人工成本管理，将企业的效益提升到最高层次，实现企业和员工的双赢。

关键词： 企业 员工 人工成本控制

人工成本是指企业生产经营中因投入劳动力要素而产生的一切费用，也称作“劳动成本”。主要包括员工的薪酬福利供给，社会保险费用，培训、教育费用等等。人工成本的管理不但关系着企业的生产效益和市场竞争力，还关系着企业的持续性发展和企业规模业务的拓展，关系着企业员工工作的积极性和创造性的保持和发挥。因此绝不能把人工成本看成简单的调控降低投入成本那么简单。就如我国著名经济学家吴敬琏说的那样：“成本控制是一项花钱的艺术，而不是节约的艺术。”

一、控制人工成本误区

控制人工成本最大的误区就是盲目压缩成本。麦肯锡说我国的企业是成本优势的巨人、成本管理的侏儒。随着我国经济的高速发展和我国经济国际化接轨的深化，我国企业成本优势正在逐步减弱，也就是说成本巨人的优势将不再存在，而在成本管理上我们并没有学到国际先进管理的精髓，成本管理还处在探索阶段，还需要进一步的完善。特别是一些非国有的中小型家族企业，在人力资源管理上更是混乱，不健全的企业用人制度造成了人工成本的恶性循环。

1、为节省成本降薪

企业人工成本的增加不能和企业效益成正比的情况下，企业为了确保其最大限度的盈利目的，往往会采取裁员或降薪的措施。在这一过程中，第一会造成人员流失，当薪酬待遇与员工期望偏差太大时，一般情况员工会选择跳槽，员工的离职一方面导致企业要招聘新员工，新员工的招聘、培训等会增加企业的人工成本。另一方面老员工的离职不仅带来了企业人员投入成本的损失，还增强了竞争对手的实力。第二留下的员工会应为降薪而对企业失去信心，打击了员工的.积极性和创造性。使企业失信员工，员工离企业越来越远，也就是我们常说的“混”着过，得过且过的思想严重影响了员工在企业运营中的主人翁精神，损害了企业员工的凝聚力，使企业陷入危机重重之中。

2、为缩减成本裁员

企业人员的编制一般会通过两种形式。第一种是在年初时就及制定了整个企业各部门的人员编制;第二种就是年初的时候给出各部门用人费用，不限编制。在第一种编制中如发生裁员会导致企业岗位空缺、加大人员劳动力导致员工不满情绪的滋生等，这些现象对企业的发展和壮大都是不利的。在第二种编制中，由于编制比较灵活，企业可以用这些钱招聘5个精英型人才，也可以用这些钱招聘15个普通型人才。当企业的收益与支出成本无法平衡时，企业会缩减用人费用，这时被消减部门如不积极调整用人策略，而只是想通过简单的裁员来保证在岗人员的薪酬福利。同样会带来企业如培训成本等用人成本的损失。如果进一步陷入用人误区，就会使企业效益加速下滑，导致企业用人危机。总之采取裁员的方式控制人工成本是不可行的，他也许在短期能能解决企业用人成本的高度增长，但从企业的长远发展看是不利的，一方面是企业对员工的失信，另一方面是企业获取成本、培训成本等支出成本的损失，严重影响了企业的持续、稳定发展。

3、忽视开发成本

在企业招聘新员工后，岗前培训是不可少的，然而现在的企业为了节约人工成本，而故意压缩或取消用工者的开发成本。人员入职后直接上岗，岗前的安全培训、业务技术培训等能省则省。对于员工的学习深造也不支持。觉得这样都没有必要。其实在员工的薪酬制度中物质为主的薪酬鼓励固然重要，但是精神层面的鼓励、调动一样重要，特别是当今社会，员工更看重的使精神世界的富饶和自身素质的提高以及自我价值的更高表现。同时员工的有规划的培训和深造还能增强员工自身能力，减少意外事故和生产事故。作为企业决不可因小失大。

4、忽视人工成本的自然增长

自 2000年后，我国的用工形式日益严峻，各地企业出现了不同程度的用工荒，在企业利润和人工成本的较量中企业很难抉择。这种现象表明我国廉价的用工时代已经过去，在企业利益和人工成本的规划中，企业应更多的考虑人工成本的管理。由于消费水平等因素的影响，我国的用工成本很难下降，这就是通常所说的用人成本的自然增长。在这样的大环境中，如要坚持己见，只能将企业带入用工难、效益低的困境。接受人工成本自然增长的客观现实，调整人工成本的科学管理，才能实现企业和员工的双赢，才能保证企业的持续、稳定发展。

二、控制人工成本的措施

1、以人为本进行管理

21世纪的企业竞争是人才的竞争，随着我国公民生活水平、知识文化水平和自身素质的普遍提高，企业在用工过程中应更多考虑员工的精神层面的诉求，深层理解“以人为本”的人工成本控制理念。将人员安置恰当了，员工才能发挥他的最佳状态，为企业带来高效益。同时企业的人本管理方式会使员工心存感激，感恩图报是我国悠久的优良品质的传承，员工怀着对企业的感激去工作，其积极性、创造性和主人翁意识也会得到充分的体现和发挥，人员的工作效率也会达到最佳状态，人工成本的相对成本就会降低，企业的最大盈利目标就会实现，企业的持续发展也会更加稳固。

2、健全企业定额管理制度强化企业机制

健全企业定额管理制度是降低人工成本的有效手段。在企业生产过程中，实行工时成本、材料成本、动力成本等预算，以预算来控制成本，可以达到良好效果。比如说企业用电，有了良好的制度规范以后加上可行的用电预算标尺，机会是员工主动的节约用电，因为超额的用电量和员工的自身利益相关，为企业节省也就是为个人谋利。健全的企业定额管理制度不但可以广泛的调动广大员工的节约成本意识，同时还调动了广大员工的积极性和竞争意识，在维护企业利益的同时提高了自身价值，是职员愿意去做的事。其次，健全的企业制度要是没有完善的企业机制进行支持，那么再好的制度也是一纸空文。因此强化企业机制就是企业人员成本控制的执行力量，有效的引导和明确的规定会使企业实现有序的、稳定的发展。如下达人工成本控制目标和任务，在员工中开展“成本控制先进集体奖”“成本控制先进个人奖”等活动。使员工在成本控制中有较强的自我控制欲望，人人都在控制成本增加效益，那么企业的人员成本控制害怕没有效果吗?

3、落实企业职员成本控制教育体制

企业员工的成本教育首先要落实岗位标准、业绩指标等项目。其次是员工的培训和形象设计。依据企业内部价值关系的分析，制定合理的，能调动全员积极性的企业责任机制，以有力的事实说服、教育员工的形成成本控制意识实现人员成本的精细化管理。

小结：

人员成本的控制也是一个投入和收益的过程，不能简单的认为人员成本控制就是压缩、控制人员成本的投入或从各方面减少用工费用。这种以节约为成本控制的根本理念是不科学的、不可行的。这种方法只能导致剥削工人和在原材料上打折扣的结果。企业要做好人工成本的控制应更多的从现代企业的人员管理及长期的人员成本控制战略上入手，这才能使我国企业成为人员成本管理控制的巨人。

参考文献

[1] 胡克华，《走出人工成本控制的误区》，新资本，2008年4期.

[2] 马君涛、苏涛永，《基于“全成本观”的人工成本控制问题研究》，财会通讯，2011年26期.

[3] 余顺坤、石玉峰，《人工成本控制与人力资源管理相关性》，人民论坛，2011年32期.

[4] 况梅，《企业常见人力资源危机分析及对策》，商业现代化，2007年9期.

当代大学生心理压力应对措施研究论文

在平时的学习、工作中，大家都经常看到论文的身影吧，通过论文写作可以提高我们综合运用所学知识的能力。你知道论文怎样写才规范吗？下面是我为大家收集的当代大学生心理压力应对措施研究论文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

摘要： 大学生心理压力变成高等教学对比重视的问题，而要素是多方面的，有本身要素也有外部要素。因而在学生接受理论常识的过程中怎么进步学生的心理本质，减轻学生的心理压力变成当时高等教学首要的一项内容。这篇文章首要论述构成大学生心理压力大的要素，提出进步大学生心理本质和减轻其心理压力的具体办法，协助大学生准确对待心理压力的影响。

关键字 ： 大学生、心理压、应对、办法

如今90后大学生具有一起的特色――心理本质才能较差，在其面临艰难的时分抗压才能缺少，平时遇到一点波折就会体现的焦虑、手足无措。伴跟着作业形势的日益严峻，大学生心理压力变成社会重视的焦点，实际中因为大学生心理压力过大而发作校园事端的事情在逐年添加。本来构成大学生心里承受才能较差的要素多方面的，作为教学者应当正视大学生的心理教学，剖析研究大学生的心理压力。

1当时大学生心理压力发生的要素剖析

大学时期是学习的首要时期，也是压力相对较大的时期，因为大学生在学习的过程中不仅要思考学习成绩，还要面临作业、交际等各方面的问题。而此刻的大学生实践经验还缺少、缺少丰厚的人生履历，心理本质还不老练，当一切的实际艰难摆在面前时，其没有才能排除掉这些利诱，终究会对他们的心理发生无穷的冲击，构成很大的心理压力。

学习日子环境改动与优越感不见

高中教学时期与大学高等教学具有很大的反差，学生在面临如此大的反差时，他们的心理不能适应高等教学环境，环境改动的无穷反差会给学生的心理构成很大的冲击。学生在高中学习时他们的首要任务是学习，老师和家长会督促他们学习，辅导他们学习的内容，他们的日子也是由爸爸妈妈担任。而进入大学今后一切的日子习惯以及学习办法都请肄业生改动，大学老师不再束缚学生的学习，学生的日子也需求自我管理，一切的一切都需肄业生的独立完结，因而在习惯了高中时期的环境今后，在他们刚进入大学中时他们通常会因为环境的改动而感到懊丧，这么就很简单发生心理压力。

与学习压力有关的要素

大学生的首要任务即是学习，面临社会作业竞赛的压力，大学生要想取得更大的作业砝码就必须要加强学习，进步自个的常识水平；一起大学学习办法不一样于高中时期，它请肄业生具有必定的自立学习才能和立异知道，能够具有实践性的技术，而一切的一切都需肄业生经过自我努力完成，因而学习内容、办法以及形式等的改动添加了学生的学习压力，给学生的心理构成了担负。

与经济压力有关的要素

大学学习需求付出高额的费用，经济方面的压力是近几年对学生心理压力过大的首要要素，尤其是关于乡村大学生这种要素更为杰出，跟着中国高校膏火的不断上升，大学生的学习成本也在不断地上升，尽管中国有专门对于贫困大学生的救助政策，可是究竟救助的人数有限，因而大学生在学习时期不仅要思考学习成绩的问题还要思考自个的日子费以及下一学期的膏火等问题，这些问题交织在一起给学生构成很大的心理压力。而且有的学生也许因为经济艰难发生自卑心理，导致学生失掉对日子的活跃态度。

与作业有关的'要素

任何时期的学习终究意图即是为了完成自我价值，而自我价值的完成需肄业生参加社会作业来完成，面临当今作业压力不断上升的形势，大学生的作业压力也越来越大，大学生的作业路径越来越难，一起因为中国遭到传统思想观念的影响，一些具有社会布景的而且学习成绩通常的学生通常在没有结业或者即将结业时已经依托社会联系找到了安稳、经济酬劳高的作业，而那些成绩优良的学习在求职过程中四处受阻，这些社会隐性景象会给学生的心理构成无穷的影响，添加学生的心理担负，构成他们的压力更大。

与情感受挫有关的要素

大学生在进入大学今后，他们在某种意义上就变成成年人的特征，他们就会构成独立的知道，一起因为大学生的心理和生理的改动使得他们寻求爱情，神往异性往来。如今高校学生爱情已经变成大学日子首要的构成风景线，可是究竟大学生对爱情还没有明晰的知道，大学日子与社会还存在必定的距离，他们的爱情相对对比单纯和存在天真的成分。但是一旦大学生的情感出现问题时，他们就会体现的心情失望，感到心灵遭到等等，给他们的心理发生无穷的冲击，比方近几年中国高校常常会发因为爱情失败而跳楼自杀的景象。

与人际联系有关的要素

首要大学生在刚踏入大学时他们因为新环境的要素体现的对比孤僻，而且因为大学生来自于全国各地，他们之间的日子习惯、学习办法以及性情都不一样，这些都给大学生之间的沟通构成必定的阻止，一起如今的大学生都具有自我知道，他们请求他人以自我为基地，这些问题会直接影响大学生的人际沟通，长时间下去会构成大学生的人际往来圈越来越少，逐步的就会被大家所疏忽，他们的心里也就会越来越孤单。其次如今的大学生遭到的教学遏止了大学生的人际沟通才能。大学生遭到传统教学观念的影响对比深，如今的学生通常都是家庭的独生后代，爸爸妈妈为了孩子的安全，他们会请求孩子不要与陌生人说话，这么在某必定程度遏止了孩子的沟通才能。一起应试教学形式下，学生的首要任务即是学习再学习，他们的本质才能则相对不受重视。

2减轻今世大学生心理压力应对办法

学生要做好自我心理调理，减轻心理压力

学生的心理压力大多数来自于中国对日子、学习以及社会态度知道。因而大学生要想进步自我心理本质，就必须要具备克服艰难和办法的心态，能够具有抗压才能，而且学会自我心理调理。首要学生应当对压力具有准确的知道。咱们不要把压力看做是一件坏事，而是要看到其活跃的要素，压力能够让咱们增强社会实践的技术，能够磨练咱们的毅力，能够推进咱们生长，因而在面临压力的时分咱们不应当采纳逃避的消极态度，而是要方便的处理，将压力的晦气影响转变为推进行进开展动力；其次学生要活跃培育健康的品格。学生只要具备健康的品格才能在面临各种压力时有决心克服压力和对日子充满希望。健康的品格能够协助学生在任何时分任何地址都能坚持活跃向上的心态，能够科学的控制自个的心情；最终学生要学会发泄心情，把握科学的心理调理办法。在学生遇到各种心理压力时学生不要将这些压力憋着心理，而是要经过有用的路径发泄出来，要学会自我调理心情，比方向自个知己的兄弟讲述自个的压力，向老师倾述自个的利诱等等，经过心情的发泄减轻自个的心理压力，推进心理健康地开展。

家庭要多与学生沟通沟通

家庭要多关怀孩子，削减给孩子的心理担负，首要家庭要为孩子构建调和的家

庭空气，爸爸妈妈是孩子的第一任老师，爸爸妈妈的行为习惯都会影响到孩子今后的生长，因而爸爸妈妈要活跃的为孩子供给一个杰出的家庭空气，让他们在家庭中构成宽恕理解、达观旷达、自傲开畅、行善积德的杰出性情和质量；其次爸爸妈妈要多与孩子沟通，使后代充沛感遭到家庭的温暖和家人给予的强大支撑，让后代能够在家庭成员间健康调和的空气中取得尊敬与信赖，在孩子感到苍茫的时分爸爸妈妈要给他们准确的引导；最终爸爸妈妈要准确看待孩子的爱好或价值取向，对孩子断定适宜的希望值，避免希望过高发生负面影响。

高校要加强对学生心理健康教学

校园要树立和完善心理咨询基地

加强心理咨询作业，充沛发挥校园心理咨询基地的效果。加大有关宣传力度，让学生准确看待心理咨询，使学生能够在心理压力难以排解时，情愿挑选心理咨询这一办法。心理咨询不仅能够辅导学生减轻心里对立和抵触，排解心中的担忧，开发身心潜能，还能够协助学生准确知道、把握自个，有用地适应外界环境。心理咨询已变成大学生心理本质教学最有用的路径，能够对于不一样问题，采纳不一样办法，做到心理问题早发现、早确诊、早医治。

开设心理健康教学课程，加强心理健康教学在各学科中的浸透，以增强大学生的心理本质

体系学习心理、卫生、健康等方面的常识，有助于学生了解本身的心理开展规律，把握心理自我调理办法，增强自我教学才能。一起，老师在教授常识的过程中，要重视学生的心理教学，对于作业及考研等学生对比关怀的热门问题，给予学生准确的引导和解说，引导学生联系本身状况，呼应祖国号召，完成自个的人生价值。

社会方面

大学生肄业生计的终点站即是社会，大学生对社会的开展动态都尤为重视，因而能够借这种链接来加强大学生的心理常识的宣传。大学生对社会的茫然也许首要存在于作业问题，这就需求社会加速人才市场的完善，协助大学生处理一些作业上的问题。一起也应设法加大借款或助学金的力度来减轻学生的经济压力。

3结束语

大学生在大学肄业时期会面临各式各样的心理压力，这些心理压力会对大学生的日子发生必定的影响，要处理这方面的问题就需求大学生们自个有一个完善的心理体系，以活跃达观的心态来迎候多样化的大学日子，才能在最终有个满足的成果。

参考文献：

[1]杨靖.剖析大学生心理压力发生的要素及应对办法[J].河南教学中旬刊，2012（8）.

[2]吕聪.师范类大学生心理压力感查询剖析[J].北京电力高等专科校园学报，2012（12）.

[3]潘婷婷.大学生心理共同感与归因办法联系研究[J].教学教学论坛，2014（1）.

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