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留学生毕业论文summary

发布时间:2024-07-09 01:48:58

留学生毕业论文summary

Executive Summary是对文章的简单回顾(A Brief summary of main findings, conclusion and recommendations), 可以帮助读者(尤其是时间紧迫的读者)大体知道文章需要阅读多少,哪一部分是他所需要的。所以一篇好的Executive Summary是能够帮助学生获得高分的。

Executive Summary通常是回答下列五个问题:

summary写作要求你具备的几种能力:第一要看清楚文章的结构,设法反映出原文中作者的观点。第二要具有意义筛选的能力,学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。第三要有用英文解释英文的能力,用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字,不能抄袭原文。读写任务的写作内容一般分为两个部分,即写作内容1为概括短文要点,还有写作内容2 则是就某个主题发表看法。然而,绝大部分的考生会忽略了写作内容2对写作内容1的导航作用,而一头扎进了阅读材料,直接去阅读文章得出要点。事实上,所谓“读写任务”其是读和写的有机结合,“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景,同样,“写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。故希望大家在概括文章时,可考虑命题人提供的写作内容2的导航作用,因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。一、概括的标准:抛弃次要,瞄准写作目的。标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式,第一句话是主题句,清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的,这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑,凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。二、概括的写作步骤:1. 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句,一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。2. 寻找关键词。分析主题句意义,确定关键词,关键词一般体现为名词、形容词,关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。3. 重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推,反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的,它基本决定了概括的质量。4. 重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句,可以是补充过程或者提供证据。口诀:简括为:缩长见短,省却细腻。(括:概括性。见:间接引语。短:短的连词。细腻:细节和例子)三、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧:1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。2) 避免重复。在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。3) 删除具体例子。不过,阅读材料本身是由几个具体例子构成的,如阅读材料是谈西方节日的,如删除具体例子,则概括很难达到30个词,那就选择一至两个例子(即一两个主要节日)。注:原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。4) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词。上述对于英文论文summary写作技巧的分析后,在写作的时候切记一定要站在中立的观点来写,把那个要掺杂进自己个人的想法而改变了原意,尽量做到言简意赅,用最简单的语言来解释原文中一些比较复杂的。(以上内容来源于学术堂)

我觉得吧,大概可以按照这么个步骤来写:第一步:文献阅读A.针对论文选题和研究方向进行文献检索,针对整理后的有效资料进行认真阅读,尤其是和论文内容相关的部分,要重复理解。阅读次数直接关系到你对文献的理解程度。B.必要时可以在正式写作summary前制定一个标题,有利于尽快确认文章的中心思想或整体写作思路。标题可以是简短的句子或者词组,对论文主题进行概括,或者直接引用文章中的主题句。C.确认题目后就可以对参考资料进行筛选整理,按照相关性对资料进行主次区分,对于文献中的重要部分进行提取概括。D.文献检索过程中需要对有效资料进行简单记录汇总,尤其是参考文献的主要观点对summary能起到概括作用的重要内容。第二步:着手写作A. 一般而言summary的字数占全文的20%-30%,所以在确认具体字数以前要了解论文的字数要求。要留意summary的实际字数绝对不能超过这个比例。B. summary的内容应该是作者在进行文献阅读后再通过自己的话进行写作,而不是直接引用参考资料中的句子。C. 在summary写作逻辑上应该符合论文的逻辑顺序,内容需要围绕论文整体的研究问题,不能出现论文研究问题以外的新问题的提出。D. 要体现summary在文章中的作用,就是全面清晰地体现论文所呈现出来的相关信息,以便读者在开始论文全文或者相关参考文献的阅读之前就能完全理解作者想表达的观点。E. 在正式写作summary时可以参考以下相关技巧:1) 摒弃细节问题。只保留论文主要观点。2) 涉及到实证或案例相关内容需要进行精简,只保留一至两个具有代表的性问题进行陈述。3) 尽量使用简短的具体进行描述,对于参考资料中的相关解释过于复杂和冗长的可以进行精炼。控制在两句话之内说明即可。4) 避免重复句出现,这种情况在论文或参考资料中会经常出现,主要是为了强调某个观点或主题,但是在summary中是不可以使用的。第三步:整理修改和调整论文完成初稿候要对它进行修改和调整。首先要确保summary内容中提到的观点是否与全文相一致,并且对参考资料中所提及的相关重要内容都概括了。其次,summary中如出现了过多无意义的内容,包括词语短语等,要删除或者用其他更精炼的内容进行替换。保证语言简短,第三,也就是最基本的要求,要对summary文字内容的拼写和语法,包括标点符号的进行检查。通过以上步骤和方法,一篇summary也就此完成了。 summary写作是在英国留学生论文中是很常见的形式,主要是通过阅读参考文献,吸收相关资料在写作结构与语言方面的特征,结合作者论文的相关研究问题和观点,形成的一篇内容和结构相一致,并且语言简洁的短文。另外,英国大学教育除了专业知识的传授外,还会对学生的综合学历能力进行培养,这其中就包括阅读和整理参考文献,对研究问题的重点掌握的能力。学生根据某研究问题,通过大量的参考资料进行阅读和总结概括有利于提高学生的学习研究能力的。

这么说吧,英国留学生论文Executive Summary就是文章的执行总结,是整个你的商业计划第一个部分,相当于整个商业计划的精华缩减版,整个商业计划的核心内容所在。我上的英国论文辅导课程,有针对这个板块讲了几个课时,所以还是比较重要的,大概要写一页篇幅。如果跟我一样还不适应英国论文写作节奏的,建议也报翰思教育,学下论文技巧,真的会对分数。很友好

留学生毕业论文

1、选题根据专业与拟定方向选题,搭建清晰的写作框架。2、文献学习学术文献的检索与阅读方法,筛选出有效文献并根据文献的使用途径进行整理、分类。3、提案根据已有的思路和框架理清 Proposal 的写作方法,明确研究方法、4、会议Proposal 提交后,分析导师的 Feedback ,明确后续研究指明方向。5、写作学习写作方法,重点 Introduction 和 Literature review 的写作要领和注意事项。6、建模解析数据分析中所使用公式、模型、及数据的获取方式,学习Methodology 的写作方法7、写作检查前四部分的论文内容, Discussion , Conclusions 及 Abstracts 的写作方法。8、检查进行第一次全面检查,重点检查全文的内容、语法和词汇,改善并校对论文的提交格式检查。

很多同学都不知道毕业论文怎么写,写好英国留学生毕业论文,给自己的留学生活画一个圆满的句号。1:毕业论文的选题很多学生不知道怎么选题,选题不了就意味着无法进行写作资料的搜集准备与整理,也无法从事论文写作。首先是专业选题范围指导。例如作为语言专业的学生,在学习基础课之后所选修的内容不一样,有的选修文学类,有的选修语言类。选修文学类的学生在选题时就要根据自己对古代文学、现代文学、当代文学的专长和兴趣,一定选择自己所擅长的专业,而不能选择自己不擅长的古语言和现代语言专业。其次是选题范围大小指导。选题的一个主要原则就是宜小不宜大,大的选题因为难度大难以把握,不宜写得深入。小的选题能够从微观入手,深入细致的加以论述,做到“小题大做”。论文题目过大就需要大量的资料、丰富的理论知识修养、娴熟的写作技巧和旁征博引,才能全面透彻的论证问题,所以不适合硕士学生,当然也不能过于小,一定要适中。第三,指导如何进行选题。学生在选题之前一定要大量阅读文献资料,善于发现问题和分析问题,搞清楚自己所从事的文学专业领域科研状况,前人有哪些研究成果,研究成果有哪些争议,摸清自己所要研究的论题在当今的社会意义和学术价值含量,不能重复别人的研究成果。选题时一定要根据自己的研究水平和能力做到量力而行。第四,选题时还要考虑到创新与写作能力之间的问题,虽然大家都主张学术论文一定要创新,但毕竟硕士学力有限,过分强调开创性不切合实际。2:材料的搜集与运用指导一旦论文选题确立之后,就需要大量搜、整理与运用资料。一篇学术论文如果没有充分的材料作为支撑,那就是等于空话连篇,得出的结论也是有失偏颇。其实学生在选题之前就应该进行阅读大量的材料了,通过大量资料的阅读和分析之后,发现自己所要解决的问题,然后制定选题,通过大量的材料的整理与分析,才能运用好这些经过大量时间和心血准备的材料,最终得出自己所要的结论和所想解决的问题。3:论文提纲制定指导学生通过大量资料的准备、阅读、分析之后,进行论文的选题,一旦选题之后就需要缜密构思文章的提纲了。这个阶段也是一件不容易的事情,很多学生对于论文提纲拟定也比较犯愁,因为他们不懂得抓住论文题目的关键词汇,也就是选题的中心论点,在拟提纲时不能紧紧围绕题目的“题眼”,出现了所编制的提纲结构框架不合理、没有充分体现文章标题的中心论点,主题不突出,层次不分明,逻辑不顺畅等问题。因此在指导学生拟定论文提纲时着重强调一下几点:一是要精心设计一级标题和二级标题,使得各级标题都能全面围绕文章的一个中心论点进行,每个分论点可以采取并列式或递进式结构,大标题和小标题之间要紧紧相扣,相互衔接和呼应,大标题也都要受其主题的统领。二是进一步反复修改提纲。论文提纲拟定好之后,再结合所有的材料进行分析、整理文章的整体结构,反复推敲。把文章整体结构与各细节联系起来,确保整体与细节之间的关联性和呼应。论文结构趋于合理化有利益理清论文整体思路,突出主题,不会出现跑题、偏题等问题。提纲拟定的成败也关系到文章的写作成败,一旦匆匆忙忙拟好提纲,不加思考就动笔写,势必会造成事倍功半的效果,因此切忌草率行事。当然提纲在写作过程中也可以根据需要进行改动调整,目的就是使得提纲更加缜密完善,但是也不能频繁地、较大的改动。4:写作过程中注意事项的指导万事俱备,就欠书写论文了,这时要把握写作要领,抓住论文中心环节,运用充分的材料作为写作的详实论据,运用清晰的思维、思辨的论证逻辑和规范的学术语言进行论述论文论点,将其经过深思熟虑的思想与观点,运用言简意赅、通俗易懂的语言逐一阐述出来。第一,在写作时可以按照论文提纲的体例结构顺序进行,各标题之下的二级标题都要紧扣该标题,论述时论证结合,做到论据详实、论证充分,语言表述要准确、流畅、连贯。整篇文章要符合逻辑,条理清晰,层次分明。如果写作过程中遇到了困难,可以采取不按提纲顺序,先写思路比较清晰的部分,写完之后再去解决疑难问题。第二,注意论文格式的写作。学位论文是了为了锻炼学生基本写作方法和提高写作能力的训练,论文格式有一定的要求,对于初写毕业论文的学生往往不注重论文的格式。学位论文的格式在成绩评定中也找有一定的比分,评审老师从学生论文格式中就能判断出该生写作态度是否端正,是否受到过学术论文的写作训练。第三,要运用参考资料,处理好文章与参考文献之间的关系。总之写作过程中需要辅导老师加以多方面的指导,方能使得学生顺利完成写作任务。如果同学们需要毕业论文辅导,可以看下我们呢哦

浅谈留学生毕业论文与学术论文的区别

毕业论文是广大留学生在毕业前不得不完成的一项考核,毕业论文质量可直接影响留学生是否能够顺利毕业。但是很多留学生在写毕业论文时往往会觉得无从下手,甚至会单纯的认为毕业论文就是一篇小作文或者小论文。其实不然,毕业论文和普通的学术论文是由很大区别的。为帮助广大留学生朋友了解毕业论文与学术论文的区别,的我特地对两者的区别进行了总结,具体分析如下。

1.写作目的的区别。毕业论文是高等院校毕业班学生以教学计划要求为依据所需要完成的总结性独立作业,是留学生必须要完成的一项必修科目。毕业论文就是毕业生运用所学专业知识进行独立科学研究的活动,通过相应研究来培养自己分析、解决某一专门学术问题的方式。而学术论文则主要是针对某一问题或现象进行针对性的研究探讨,表明自己的观点及理解,并对研究结果进行交流。

2.写作作用的区别。毕业论文的主要作用范畴为教学研究,即对学生专业知识的了解及对学生分析、解决学术问题能力的考核;同时也是培养学生独立进行科学研究活动的有效方法。而学术性论文则主要是对有学术价值的问题进行探讨及研究;同时对相关研究结果急性描述、反映及交流的工具。

3.写作要求的区别。毕业论文主要是学生学习撰写学术论文的实践活动,不能以达到甚至超越公开发表的论文水平为标准,且相对于学术论文而言,毕业论文的字数较多,且所涉及的知识面较广,注重考核学生对专业知识的掌握情况。而学术性论文则必须要达到一定的学术水平才能公开发表,两者的要求必然是大不相同的`。

4.毕业论文相对于学术论文的独特性。1)指导性。相对于学术论文而言,毕业论文具有较强的指导性。通常各院校为确保毕业论文工作得以顺利开展,都会安排专门的指导老师给学生进行必要的指导;通常导师的指导工作可贯穿毕业论文完成的整个过程。导师不仅要指导学生如何进行科学研究、如何进行论文撰写,同时还需要适当的引导学生、启发学生独立工作、独立研究的能力。2)习作性。学习前期留学生必须要认真对所学专业的基础知识及技能进行学习,为毕业论文的撰写大号基础。留学生在撰写的时候要运用已有的专业基础知识独立进行科学研究活动,分析和解决理论问题或是实际问题,把只是转化为能力的实际训练。3)层次性。相对于学术论文而言,毕业论文所受的限制条件较多,比如留学生的写作经验较少,所掌握的论文写作技能也相对较少,且多数留学生的科研能力尚处于培养中,加之毕业论文的写作时间较短,所写论文的质量要求也相对较低。而学术性的论文是专业人员进行科学研究和表述科研结果而撰写的论文,

通常需要对某专业领域的最新研究成功进行反应,故而其学术价值相对较高。

以上是我对留学生毕业论文与学术论文区别的简单总结,需要了解更多留学生论文的相关知识可以登录进行深入了解!

很多留学在论文写作中都有这样的困惑。不知道如何下手,很多人说这是中西方思维方式不同造成的,但真的是吗?下面来说说留学生如何写好毕业论文。

论文提笔前,常见的问题比如:

· 题目如何解读?

· 如何建立自己的论点?

· 去哪里找文献并进行筛选?

破译题目问题,要从中心词内容和关键动词着手。

内容是标题中所覆盖的名词,也是文章的中心内容,即“subject of the essay”。拿到题目后首先要对每个名词做定义和范围的缩放。

举个例子,对比中式写作思维逻辑和西式思维逻辑。Alternative medicines are an effective way totreat illness. Discuss.

中式思维:

文章架构是讲述非传统医疗是如何有效地治疗疾病的,文末捎带也有无效治疗的例子。

西式思维:

非传统医疗的种类有许多,首先要缩小范围,找出其中的一种或者几种,比如针灸、中医、韦达养生、顺势疗法、物理疗法等。

effective的定义也有很多,是治疗的时间的长短?还是副作用的大小?还是哪方面的有效性?

illness也分很多,某一种治疗法可能对A病有效,却对B病无效。

综上缩小范围后明确立场,如果支持此陈述,一定也要说明,在某种情况下,效果不明显。

案例中红色部分即题目中的关键动词,直接影响文章的结构框架。不同的关键动词所引出的文章结构大不相同。

比如Summarise偏向描述性写法,常用主动性动词和复杂的并列复合句,但避免主观描述型词汇; 而Evaluate更偏向于辩证分析写法,选择归纳法、推论法等不同立论方法,剖析事物论述事理、发表意见并提出主张。

以下是一些在留学生论文写作种经常使用的不同关键词的归类总结,我给大家整理了出来,供大家参考使用。

Critical Question Words

Analyse

Evaluate

Justify

Criticall evaluate

Review

Assess

Discuss

Examine

To what extent

Deive Question Words

Define

Demonstrate

Describe

Elaborate

Explain

Explore

Identify

Illustrate

Outline

Summarise

Clarify

Compare

Contrast

关于文献的查找和论点的建立,如果有一份完善的提纲指导,涵盖以下的内容,相信你一定文思泉涌,挥笔成章。

· 分析研究对象以及此话题在相应领域的研究方法和理论。

· 分析围绕此话题展开的不同观点并给予理论支撑,与此同时辩证地分析理论不足之处。

· 指明在此学术领域没有没研究涉及的方面和原因,并建议作者可以拓展的研究方向。

英语学术论文summary

写摘要主要包括三个步骤:(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文。 第一步:阅读A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍。阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。B.给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。C.现在,就该决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。 第二步:动手写作A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。因此首先数一下原文的字数,然后除以三,得到一个数字。摘要的字数可以少于这个数字,但是千万不能超过这个数字。B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧:1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。2) 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。4) 避免重复。在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。5) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例:“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为:”He was very brave in battle.”“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为:“He was in financial difficulties.”6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子:“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”可以概括为:”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”7) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词,比如:“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.”可以概括为:”She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”8) 使用最短的连接词。比如,可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词。通常,使用分号就能够达成使用连接词的效果。9) 文章中的第一人称说的话通常在摘要中转换成第三人称,从而把大段的对白简化,比如:Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use too much salt on your food, Paul — it’s not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful… like eating cardboard or sand… just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn’t want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”可以用第三人称概括为:Kate suggested to Paul that he should eat less salt. She thought that eating too much salt would do harm to Paul’s health and that it could reduce the real tastes of food. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless. 第三步:修改成文草稿拟好以后,对它进行修改。首先,与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了,摘要中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。其次,如果摘要中出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子,删除它们。第三,检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。最后,保持语言简单明了。 经过上述步骤和方法,一篇摘要就可以完成了。

下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板,希望对你们有帮助。

Abstract

Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.

According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS . And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.

Abstract

A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。

Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.

Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.

Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 95% confidential interval of [, ])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.

Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = = 0,01 < ),Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =, g 二 , g = respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = , p = < )。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of and respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.

Abstract

The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture), aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?

This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, . thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999),the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b),andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008),to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.

The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.

Abstract

Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.

This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.

To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.

There are three hypotheses:

1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?

Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS . And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.

Abstract

In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.

Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.

Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.

Abstract

Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.

With the aid of AntConc and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English),FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus), the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.

The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.

Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.

英语中的SUMMARY撰写的具体格式步骤如下:

1、写之前,需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料,让理解更深刻。

2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序,对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括,全面清晰地表明原文信息。

3、给摘要起一个好标题,比如:可以采用文中的主题句。

4、尽量使用自己的话完成,不要引用原文的句子,篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。

5、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧:

(1)筛选1-2个例子。

(2)避免重复,删除细节,只保留主要观点。

(3)把长段描述压缩变成短小精悍的句子。如下例: “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括为:”He was very brave in battle.”

(5)你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。

(6)使用概括性的名词代替具体的词,比如: “She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.” 可以概括为:”She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”

(7) 使用最短的连接词。比如,可以使用可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词。

(8)把文章中的第一人称转换成第三人称,把对白简化。

扩展资料

summary / 'sʌməri / 既可以做名词,也可以做形容词。

adj.做形容词时的含义有

1.总结性的,概括的,概述的

2.简明的,扼要的

3.即时的,即刻的

n.做名词时的含义有

1.总结,概略,摘要,一览

2.[废语]结局;顶点

资料来源:百度百科:summary

主回答

1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品,然后对作品进行整体分析,掌握原文总的意思和结构,明确全文的主题(the maintheme)和各段的段落大意(the main idea)。

2)弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要,还是写某一部分的概要,或者就某些问题写出要点。

3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构,将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

配图

扩展资料

Type 1: 以事件为核心。what happened? who are involved? why did the story/event happen? what impact did it have on the people involved?Type 2: 以人物为核心。who is it (the source text) about? what events/happenings are introduced about the person? what personality/characteristics was reflected through the accounts? how does/did the central figure influence others (including the writer)?

如果是描述性、说明类的文章:what is it (the source text) about? how does/did it come into being the way it is now? how is it valued by the public?

如果是议论性的文章:what is the central claim? what are the assumptions? what are the main points/ major supporting details? 建议这种文章画一下思维导图,主要论点和论据会更清晰。

长度:一般是文章字数的20~25%左右。评判标准:如果老师有grading rubrics,那直接问老师要,如果没有,一般是看1)对英语的驾驭能力,具体体现在遣词造句语法词汇上,2)对文章内容的掌握程度,是否提取出要点,组织是否合理等。

留学生没毕业论文

论文没过解决办法:

1、先找到自己毕业论文没过的原因,比如是因为查重率过高、格式错误还是因为什么原因。

2、根据原因来进行申诉,一般来说,毕业论文还有一次重新提交的机会,把握好这一次机会也还是可以顺利毕业的。

论文改写注意事项:

1、高质量改写

如果只是单纯的替换同义词,那根本算不上改写,一个优秀的改写应该是将内容理解后,修改语态、修辞手法、叙述手法并添加进自己的理解,在论文降重和连贯性上,还是非常有效的。

2、保持独立性

有的时候,与同学合作进行论文的创作,也是会被怀疑是学术不端的,有不少同学就是在这个地方遇到了麻烦。但是如果有一个合适的署名,那么就不会有这种问题了。

3、数据转化

保证论文中的数据等内容是自己通过实验收集来的,直接编造或者抄袭数据也是不可行的。同时也可以将数据的格式进行一个转变。提高论文美观度的同时,还能够降重。

如果你的毕业论文没有过的话,那么可能需要重新写一个论文才可以毕业

如果,英国留学生读本科没能顺利毕业的话,是一种非常遗憾的现象,因为本科没毕业的话,是不能进行留服中心的学历学位认证的,如果不能进行认证,那么,题主的学历,相当于在国内的话,就是一个高中生的学历,找工作竞争优势不明显,所以如果题主想要有个学历,还是建议再度出国留学,读本科或是读硕士都是可以的。本科的话,不适合高年级学生,毕竟重新来过也是一件需要很大勇气的事情,读硕士是一种比较好的选择,本科没毕业也能申请硕士,是一种特殊情况下的申请,是能够申请得到的。如果不愿意出国留学,也是建议办第三方的留信或是带有学位的,留学回国人员证明,证实自己的留学生身份,也是可以的。

英国本科学士学位学习需要修360个学分才能毕业,论文也是其中之一,也点有一定的学分,如果论文没有通过那么学分肯定没有修满。所以肯定也没有毕业了。现在留学生国外留学回国又不能学历认证,如果通过递交虚假材料被查出来不但进入学历认证失信黑名单,还会在官网公示,同时影响个人征信。但留学生回国如果入职国企事业单位,事业单位加薪升职,落户,参加公务员考试,等都需要学历认证。所以想要解决学历认证问题,也只有再出国留学,只有在国外顺利毕业,回国后的事情才能水到渠成。本科没有毕业如果满足一定的条件可以直接申请硕士,硕士课程学习时间短,拿到学位回国可以正常申请学历认证,在申请硕士课程时可以选择一些简单的专业,完成硕士学位不是问题。如果本科没有毕业已经不想再出国留学,也可以申请一份本科学位的留信认证入库证明,留信认证入库证明官网可查,能证明在国外真实的留学经历,适用于一些普通单位的工作。

留学生毕业论文参考

留学生毕业 论文 致谢是一篇留学生 论文 中的最后结尾部分,也是对自己这篇论文的指导老师和在毕业设计中关心自己的,爱护自己的家人朋友的一种感谢的表达。羞涩于言语的人们往往会利用书面的文字形式来表现自己的另一种内心世界。不论是留学生论文还是我们国内大学的论文,一篇标准的论文总少不了 论文致谢 的身影。 而一到毕业季,则会有很多留学生们来电询问,留学生 毕业论文 致谢要怎么写?写得太过,会有献殷勤之嫌;得太平淡,又让导师觉得自己的辛苦并没有得到学生的珍惜,而颇感心寒。对于周围朋友的感谢要用怎样的言语表达才合理?这一系列的问题在网络上搜索得频率虽多,但是却没有一个很好的整合与解答。 作为一家专业的论文网站,无忧论文网请出专业的留学生论文导师组专家为大家排疑解难。从专业角度来告诉大家留学生毕业论文致谢怎么写?在此附上留学生毕业论文致谢的范文作为参考指导。 留学生毕业论文致谢参考指导(二则) 例子1 Acknowledgements uk essay AcknowledgementsI would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Zhou Yanxia, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor xx, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Ms. Wu Qing, Feng Shaozhong and Han Xiaoya, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.

。但由于语言、文化差异,留学生写毕业论文的难度要高上很多,不仅要注意内容、结构、逻辑,还要考虑语法与表达方式。不过需要放心的是,毕业论文的格式内容差别都不太,写作步骤也基本相同,主要包括选题、找资料、列大纲、写作等,下面结合留学生的实际情况,详细分析留学生论文的写作步骤。当然,同学们在实际写作时,可以根据情况灵活调整步骤,但每一个步骤都是必不可少的,千万不能为了省事省力而漏了某个。第一步:选题选择一个你感兴趣,并觉得有挑战性的题目。你对于这题目的态度很大程度上决定了你会对这篇论文投入的努力和热情。缩小、具体化你的研究对象。比如说,从“宗教”缩小到“世界性宗教”再缩小到“佛教”。在全方面开展调查之前,征求你老师对你的题目的看法和意见。如果你对于完成这次作业或者项目的目的和指标还不甚清晰,务必重读你的作业要求或者直接去问你的老师。选择一个你可以搞定的项目。躲开那些太过于技术性、学术性或者专业性过强的项目。同时躲开那些参考资料和资料来源特别少的题目。第二步:找资料对于一些公众的,或者背景的信息,上网搜索一些有用的就行了。比如在线的公众信息啊,年鉴啊,在线百科全书啊,例如大英百科全书什么的。从利用搜索引擎和其他的搜索工具开始吧。不过要注意域名的后缀,比如:.edu (学校机构),.gov (政府部门),或者.org (非营利性组织)。这些网页代表的机构往往更可信,但是要主要一些政府网站很可能会比较有政治偏向性。对于.com(商业)的网站要小心些,有很多.com的网站确实很棒,但是有很大一部分商业网站除了产品广告外什么也没有。Network Solutions公司提供一个链接,你可以在那里查看到其他域名的后缀都代表什么意思。千万小心网络上的上百万的个人主页。这些个人主页的质量参差不齐。学会批判性地衡量网站的价值,并且有效地利用网络信息可以帮助你消除无关的网页节省时间。此外,还可以通过以下方法收集资料:百科全书和字典、政府公告、指南和报告、杂志、报纸、国际公共图书馆等。在你收集资源材料的时候,在你的工作单上摘要记录完整的书目信息(作者、题目、出版地、出版商、出版日期、页数、网址、在网页上创建或者是修改的日期和你查询的日期),打印或者录入到你的笔记本或者台式电脑里,方便以后的查询。如果是从网页上直接打印的话,最好在打印时设置你的游览器显示出网站地址和你查询的日期。记住,没有书目信息的文章是毫无用处的,因为你不能引用他们。第三步:陈述论点做一些批判性的思考,并用一句话陈述出你的论点。你论点的陈述应该是你的观点的说明。你论文主体的内容应该就是提出论据来支持你的论点。第四步:做一个暂时的大纲所有的条目都应该与你之前用大些的罗马数字写下的那个最主要的话题相关。做这个大纲的目的是帮助你从头到尾仔细思考一遍你的话题,在你开始动笔之前有逻辑地将他们组织在一起。拥有一个好的大纲是你能完成一篇好论文的重要一步。检查你的大纲,确保你的论述点都包括了,并且有逻辑地一个一个衔接在一起。你的大纲里应包含简介、文章主题和总结陈述。第一份大纲并不需要太严谨。简介:清楚阐述你的论点和你的论文研究目的。你写这篇论文的驱动力是什么?同时也需要阐述你准备如何完成你的话题。这是一份事实报告、书评、对比研究还是问题分析?简单解释你准备在你论文里涉及的主要内容和读者为什么应该对你的论文感兴趣。正文:你需要在这部分提出论据来支持你的论点。牢记规则,即每一个论点需要至少三个论据来支持。用一个很有力的论据作为开始,然后一个更强的,最后的永远应该是最强的论据。总结:重新陈述或者强调你的论点、总结你的论据,解释你是如何总结出你的结论的。第五步:组织好你的笔记根据你的大纲组织整理你收集到的所有信息。深度分析你的调查数据。用最适用的资源,再一次检查其准确性、真实性、即时性和正确性。只要能帮助你支持你的论点,反面的声音也应该做适当的记录。这是写研究论文里最重要的阶段了。在这一阶段,你需要分析、综合、分类和消化你收集到的所有信息,并期望能学到点关于你挑选的话题的内容,这不就是你最初选择这个话题的原因嘛。你还必须有能力有效地与他人沟通你的想法、观点、顿悟和研究的发现,通过写一份书面的报告、论文、调查或者学期论文,口头地演讲,或者是通过做一个有试听设备协助的多媒体的演说。千万别在论文涉及任何与你的话题不相关的信息,也不要提及任何你未能完全弄明白的信息。一定要确保你抄录下来的信息都是准确的或者可能的话,尽量用你自己的话说出来。抄袭绝对不是好事,根本就不在我们的讨论范围之内。为你借来的想法和引用的句子准确地提供文件证据。在你整理你的笔记的时候,应该简单记录下每一段的参考信息,准备好写到你自己的作品的引用页上。设计一种你自己的方法来整理你的笔记。有一种方法是用不用颜色的水笔来做标记,或者用高光笔在你的大纲上确定段落部分。

一,论点明确一篇好的论文最重要的是要点明确,这样可以使整个论文的重点和论点突出,给人耳目一新的感觉,论文的印象分也就高了,再者就是论文的陈述要交代好整篇论文的结构和目的。二,理论支持和批判缺一不可论文要有严格的论点和观点,要有明确的理论支持分析和观点陈述,并且最好是参考文献和个人观点分析相互结合,可以更加明确你的论点和观点。三,举例论证作为英语非第一语言的学生,英语写作上的语法和句式在表达的时候会有很多困难,那么举例可以更好的佐证你的观点,有可以弱化你英文不好的劣势。四,合理安排时间想要在短时间内写出一篇好的论文,前提是你熟练掌握语法句式并且对论文的主题和观点陈述把握十分到位,如果做不到,就要合理安排论文写作时间。当然,万能班长也有专门的论文指导,针对有多篇Essay,Report等论文作业的学生,全面且高校的论文指导。

1、选题根据专业与拟定方向选题,搭建清晰的写作框架。2、文献学习学术文献的检索与阅读方法,筛选出有效文献并根据文献的使用途径进行整理、分类。3、提案根据已有的思路和框架理清 Proposal 的写作方法,明确研究方法、4、会议Proposal 提交后,分析导师的 Feedback ,明确后续研究指明方向。5、写作学习写作方法,重点 Introduction 和 Literature review 的写作要领和注意事项。6、建模解析数据分析中所使用公式、模型、及数据的获取方式,学习Methodology 的写作方法7、写作检查前四部分的论文内容, Discussion , Conclusions 及 Abstracts 的写作方法。8、检查进行第一次全面检查,重点检查全文的内容、语法和词汇,改善并校对论文的提交格式检查。

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